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Equi Join: A join in which the joining condition is based on equality among values in the common columns. Common columns show (redundantly) in the result table. Let us Consider the following relations:
Example: What are the names of all customers who have placed orders?
The needed information is available in two tables, customer and order. The SQL solution needs joining the two tables by using equi join.
SELECT CUSTOMER.CUTOID, ORDER.CUSTOID, CUSTONAME, ORDERID
FROM CUSTOMER, ORDER
WHERE CUSTOMER.CUSTOID=ORDER.CUSTOID;
The output might be:
Customer.custoid
order.custoid
custoname
orderid
--------------------------
------------------
-----------------------
----------
10
Pooja Enterprises
1001
12
Estern Enterprises
1002
3
Impressions
1003
Using Literal Character String Example: To print IS A as one string with column name employee SELECT ENAME || ' IS A ' || JOB AS "EMPLOYEE" FROM EMP;
Objectives After reading this part, you should be able to: Modify, create, and delete database schema objects; Update database using SQL command; Retrieve data f
What is deadlock? How can it be avoided? How can it be resolved once it occurs? Deadlock happens when two transactions are each waiting on a resource that the other transaction
What is the archtetype/instance pattern? The archetype/instance pattern happens when one entity tracks occurrences of another entity. A common example is the relationship among
Define Hash files organization a. Hashing includes computing the address of a data item by calculating a function on the search key value. b. A hash function h is a functi
Association as a cache This association must be updated when any new element is added to it, but testing for overlap using association is more efficient. Figure:
Command Line Interfaces: These are interactive interfaces, character-based that let you use the complete power and functionality of the DBMS query language directly. They permit yo
composite attribute
Secondary Indexes Let consider the student database and its clustering index and primary (only one will be applicable at a time). Now consider the state when the database is to
explain normalisation
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