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Equi Join: A join in which the joining condition is based on equality among values in the common columns. Common columns show (redundantly) in the result table. Let us Consider the following relations:
Example: What are the names of all customers who have placed orders?
The needed information is available in two tables, customer and order. The SQL solution needs joining the two tables by using equi join.
SELECT CUSTOMER.CUTOID, ORDER.CUSTOID, CUSTONAME, ORDERID
FROM CUSTOMER, ORDER
WHERE CUSTOMER.CUSTOID=ORDER.CUSTOID;
The output might be:
Customer.custoid
order.custoid
custoname
orderid
--------------------------
------------------
-----------------------
----------
10
Pooja Enterprises
1001
12
Estern Enterprises
1002
3
Impressions
1003
Can a filed occur in several field groups. Yes. But it leads to redundant data redundancy.
What are metrics for choosing the best algorithm? Matrices for choosing the best algorithms are as below: Computational complexity Ease of understand ability and im
Example - ALTER TABLE emp MODIFY (empno NUMBER (7));
what is physical data structure
What is a disjoint less constraint? Ans: It needs that an entity belongs to no much more than one level entity set. Disjoint less constraint needs that an entity belongs to
Association as a cache This association must be updated when any new element is added to it, but testing for overlap using association is more efficient. Figure:
Mappings between Levels and Data Independence The 3 levels of abstraction in the database do not exist separately of each other. There must be some correspondence, or mapping
What is system log? What are the entries? Ans: The system log that is generally written on stable storage contains the redundant data required to recover from volatile
Homework chapter 10 no 3
Rearrange Classes and Operations Sometimes, the similar operation is defined across different classes and can easily be inherited from a familiar ancestor, but more often oper
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