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ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)Eucaryotic celIs have two major compartments- nucleus and cytoplasm. Cytoplasm was known to have no structure until the discovery of electron micrsscope. That cytoplasm is permeated by a membranous network called endoplasmic reticulum (ER), was revealed only after the introduction of electron microscope. Endoplasmic reticulum is a three dimensional network of membrane channels which constitutes more than half of the total membrane of the cell, ER is a highly folded and convoluted structure and forms a single continuous sheet enclosing one continuous sac. The interior of the sac is called "cisternal space" or "ER lumen". This is separated from the cytoplasm also called cytosol by a single membrane which mediates the communication between these two compartments. ER provides the cell with a compartment for storage of substances to be kept separate from cytosol. In addition, it has a key role in the biosynthesis of macromolecules. ER is a double membranous organelle which consists of interconnecting flattened sacs called cisternae or interconnected tubules or vesicles. Cisternae are temporary storage sites for nutrients (Figure shown below).
What is an organ that belongs to more than one organ system? One answer is the pancreas. It belongs to both the endocrine and digestive systems. Another one is bone marrow. It
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