Embrylogical Devlopment of Hypospadias

The development of the penis and scrotum is intluenced by the testes. In the absence of the testes, the female structures of the clitoris, labia minora and labia majora dominate, but in the presence of the testes, the clitoris enlarges into the penis; the groove between labia minora form into the urethra and the labia majora develop into the scrotum, into which the testes subsequently descend. Hyospadias occurs when the cells of the developing testes prematurely cease androgen production, thereby interrupting the full conversion of the external genitalia into the male form. Surgical treatment includes surgical reconstruction urethroplasty and chordae correction.