Effects of marasmus on a child, Biology

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Marasmus is a disease due to the deficiency of both proteins and calories.The child is weaned out before one year of age and is given a diet low in both proteins and carbohydrates.

Effects of marasmus on a child:

Due to the deficiency of carbohydrates and fats, proteins will be used up for generating energy.
Due to protein deficiency, body growth will be reduced. As a result child looks smaller for the age and emaciated.
The body weight will be less than 60% of the expected weight for that age.
The limbs will be thin and the ribs are prominent in the child.
There is no swelling of limbs.
The muscles are less well developed and there is no fat under the skin.
Due to this the skin will be dry and there will be loose folds of skin.
Abdomen gives a swollen look.
Hair growth is inadequate and the hair will have a faded colour.
Body defence mechanisms are also not well developed. Therefore the child suffers from infections and diarrhoea.
The child is highly irritable and has voracious appetite.
The child shows very little interest in the surroundings and in physical and mental activities.

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