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Edit Characters for Numeric Data:
The characters below can be used in the PICTURE clause to indicate the editing.
Z * $ - + CR DB . , B O /
The use of these edit characters are elucidate below:
Z (Zero Suppression) :
The edit character Z is used to repress the leading zeroes in the numeric data item. The leading zeroes are substitute with blanks.
The Z character has no effect of trailing the zeroes.
VALUE CLAUSE: The value clause defines the preliminary value of the data item. Normally initialization will be completed just before the first statement in the procedure di
DELETE STATEMENT : The file should be opened in the I-O mode. If the access is SEQUENTIAL, the INVALID KEY phrase must be specified. Rather than, the last input-output state
Write a COBOL IF sentence to use the values of numeric variables EXAM and COURSEWORK , both assumed to be with format PIC 999 and in the range 0 to 100 and to move the value:
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Rules for constructing an Arithmetic Expression: The rules for constructing an arithmetic expression are as shown below: (i) When an arithmetic expression specifies a calcu
Example of Perform statement: PERFORM BEGIN-CALCULATION THRU END-CALCULATION. Assume, BEGIN-CALCULATION and END-CALCULTION is paragraph names. The execution of the PERFORM
Example of add verb: (a) ADD A TO B. This illustration represents that the value of A will be added to the value of B and the result will be stored in B. The alignment of
Plus Sign - edit characters for numeric data: + (Plus Sign) : A plus sign is alike to minus sign except that when the item is positive, +sign will be inserted rather th
INDEXED TABLES: The OCCURS clause that is used to define tables can optionally have an INDEXED phrase. This phrase involves the names of data items which are to be used as sub
READ STATEMENT: The aim of this verb is to make available the next logical record from the input file. It is important to note the meaning of the "next" logical record in the
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