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Edit Characters for Numeric Data:
The characters below can be used in the PICTURE clause to indicate the editing.
Z * $ - + CR DB . , B O /
The use of these edit characters are elucidate below:
Z (Zero Suppression) :
The edit character Z is used to repress the leading zeroes in the numeric data item. The leading zeroes are substitute with blanks.
The Z character has no effect of trailing the zeroes.
Rules of read statements: The next record is identified according to the rules as shown below: (i) Whenever the READ NEXT statement is the initial statement to be executed
RULES OF REDEFINES CLAUSE The rules shown below govern the use of the REDEFINES clause: (i) The level-number of data-name-1 and data-name-2 should be identical. (ii) Exce
ADD VERB: The ADD Verb can be used to find the sum of two or more numbers and to store the sum. The ADD verb takes any one of the two forms as shown below:
PROGRAM FOR PERFORM - THRU: We have to write a program to elaborate PERFORM ...THRU statement Identification division. Program- id. Perfthru. Environment division.
Common form of the READ statements: Format 1 is the common form of the READ statements. Format 2 is used when the access mode is either random or dynamic. For illustration,
RULES OF MOVE VERB: The Data movement is managed by the rules which are as shown below: (a) The contents of the identifier - 1 or the value of the literal - 1 is moved to
Example of Perform statement: PERFORM BEGIN-CALCULATION THRU END-CALCULATION. Assume, BEGIN-CALCULATION and END-CALCULTION is paragraph names. The execution of the PERFORM
Non numeric: The nonnumeric literal is used in normal to output messages or headings. The Characters which are enclosed between " " constitute nonnumeric literal. The maximum
WRITE Statement: The WRITE statement for a relative file has the format which is as shown below. WRITE record-name [ FORM identifier ]
Name the divisions in a COBOL program are given below DENTIFICATION DIVISION DATA DIVISION ENVIRONMENT DIVISION PROCEDURE DIVISION.
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