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Edit Characters for Numeric Data:
The characters below can be used in the PICTURE clause to indicate the editing.
Z * $ - + CR DB . , B O /
The use of these edit characters are elucidate below:
Z (Zero Suppression) :
The edit character Z is used to repress the leading zeroes in the numeric data item. The leading zeroes are substitute with blanks.
The Z character has no effect of trailing the zeroes.
PROCEDURE DIVISION statements for the indexed files: All the statements which are available for a relative file are also available for an indexed file. READ STTATEMENT :
FILE-CONTROL ENTRIES FOR THE SEQUENTIAL FILES: The characteristics of each and every files handled in a program are specified in the ENVIRONMENT DIVISION and DATA DIVISION.
bal majduri ik kanuni apradh hai is de bavjud bache ,ghra,hotla,road, kam karn lai majbur han bacheya te mapeya nu parhai val prerit karn lai ik bashan teyar kro
Common form of the READ statements: Format 1 is the common form of the READ statements. Format 2 is used when the access mode is either random or dynamic. For illustration,
Point Location: The position of the decimal point is the other characteristic which can be specified in the case of the numeric data items. If the position is not specified, t
DECLARATIVE and FILE STATUS Clause: The input-output exception condition in the situation of a direct access files can be handled by a declarative procedure in a manner simila
scope of marginal costing
NESTED IF STATEMENT: The then and else statement of an IF statement can hold other IF statements. The involved IF statements in their turn may also hold other IF statements
Rules of read statements: The next record is identified according to the rules as shown below: (i) Whenever the READ NEXT statement is the initial statement to be executed
Comparison of the Numeric Operand with Nonnumeric Operand: The numeric operand can be compared to the nonnumeric operand subject to the restrictions which are as follows.
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