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Edit Characters for Numeric Data:
The characters below can be used in the PICTURE clause to indicate the editing.
Z * $ - + CR DB . , B O /
The use of these edit characters are elucidate below:
Z (Zero Suppression) :
The edit character Z is used to repress the leading zeroes in the numeric data item. The leading zeroes are substitute with blanks.
The Z character has no effect of trailing the zeroes.
Edit Characters for Numeric Data: The characters below can be used in the PICTURE clause to indicate the editing. Z * $ - + CR DB . , B O /
INDEXED TABLES: The OCCURS clause that is used to define tables can optionally have an INDEXED phrase. This phrase involves the names of data items which are to be used as sub
INPUT AND OUTPUT PROCEDURE IN SORT STATEMENT: The common format of the SORT statement can write as shown below: The format of the RELEASE statement is as shown be
Numeric - Literals : The numeric literal can be created with the help of digits only. It can have a sign (+ or -) and can also have a decimal point. If no sign is specifi
Picture Clause: The picture clause explains the general characteristics of an elementary data item. These characteristics are elaborated below: Class: In COBOL the
simplify smple interest
FILE DESCRIPTION- FIXED-LENGTH RECORDS: The normal characteristics of a file are explained in the file description (FD) entry of the DATA DIVISION.
READ STATEMENTS: The common format for the read statements is as shown bellow. Format 1: READ file-name RECORD [ INTO identifier ] [ ; AT END imperative-s
FILE UPDATION: The method of modifying an old file with present information is termed as file updating. Master file: A master file is a file which is used as an author
ADD VERB: The ADD Verb can be used to find the sum of two or more numbers and to store the sum. The ADD verb takes any one of the two forms as shown below:
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