Duck virus hepatitis, Biology

Assignment Help:

Duck virus hepatitis

This highly contagious disease of ducks is caused by a member virus belonging to genus Enterovirus of the family Picornaviridae. It mostly affects ducklings below 3 weeks of age and is reported from coastal and duck rearing pockets of India. The disease is transmitted by ingestion of infected material. The vaccinated, clinically affected and recovered birds excrete the virus in large amounts in their feces for months.

Symptoms and lesions: With short incubation period of less than 24 h the clinical manifestations like depression, greenish diarrhoea are seen. Mortality may be up to

90% in ducklings below 7 days of age but in endemic areas, it may be as low as 10%.

Affected ducklings show enlarged and mottled liver showing hemorrhages, necrosis and cellular infiltration.

Diagnosis: The disease can be diagnosed on the basis of sudden onset and high

mortality in ducklings below 3 weeks with characteristic liver lesions. Virus isolation can be attempted from the liver, feces and whole blood by inoculating into embryonated eggs. About 60% of the infected embryos die within 5 days showing edema, stunted growth and greenish discoloration of the embryo fluid. The processed materials can be inoculated into susceptible day old ducklings. In positive cases the ducklings will die within 36 h after showing symptoms and lesions mentioned above. The confirmation is done by virus neutralization and detection of viral antigens in the liver, spleen by fluorescent antibody test.

Prevention and control: Introduction of new ducklings should be done with prior testing and general biosecurity measures. In endemic areas day-old ducklings can be vaccinated with egg-adapted live virus vaccine.


Related Discussions:- Duck virus hepatitis

Explain the objectives of taxonomy, Explain the Objectives of Taxonomy ...

Explain the Objectives of Taxonomy Let us summarise the objectives of taxonomy: 1. To inventory the world flora and fauna 2. To provide a method for identification and co

What is genetic engineering, What is genetic engineering? The Genetic e...

What is genetic engineering? The Genetic engineering is the use of genetic knowledge to artificially manipulate genes: It is one of the fields of biotechnology.

If the protein binds to any other proteins, You are studying a gene, and it...

You are studying a gene, and its effects on skin cells. You want to find out A) If the protein made encoded by this gene binds to DNA in a particular place B) if the protein binds

Saturated fatty acids, Saturated Fatty Acids - These are solid at ro...

Saturated Fatty Acids - These are solid at room temperature. These are metabolically less active so have a tendency to deposit in the body (synthesized in body) These

Acid rain, what are the two main pollutants that contribute to acid rain

what are the two main pollutants that contribute to acid rain

Ecology, Ecology Very often a word has a precise well-defined meaning i...

Ecology Very often a word has a precise well-defined meaning in scientific literature but is loosely used in everyday language. It is, therefore, necessary for you to be clear

Illustrate working of mitochondria and chloroplasts, Q. How is the finding ...

Q. How is the finding of ribosomes inside mitochondria and chloroplasts explained? It is a strong hypothesis that chloroplasts and mitochondria were prokaryotes that associated

What are anticoagulants, Q. What are anticoagulants? What are the practical...

Q. What are anticoagulants? What are the practical applications of anticoagulants, like heparin, in Medicine? Ordinarily there are anticoagulants circulating in the plasma sinc

Ram ventilation, Ram Ventilation Some fish do not use pumping action f...

Ram Ventilation Some fish do not use pumping action for gill ventilation. It has been known for long that large tunas cannot be kept alive in captivity unless they are put in

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd