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Draw and discuss volt-ampere characteristics of a tunnel diode.
Ans: Volt-ampere characteristics of a tunnel diode: The V-I characteristics of a tunnel diode are shown in fig. (a) Forward bias produces immediate conduction as soon as forward bias is applied, significant current is produced. Current attains quickly its peak value Ip, when applied forward bias attains a value of Vp volts. Current variation in the vicinity of origin is because of quantum mechanical tunneling of electrons through narrow space charge region of the junction. With further increase in forward voltage, diode current starts decreasing till it attains its minimum value, called valley current Iv corresponding to valley voltage Vv. Hence from peak point A to valley point B the diode current falls with increase in voltage resulting in negative resistance in this region. ACTUALLY this portion A B of the characteristic constitutes the most useful property of diode. In this region diode, rather than absorbing power, produces power. So tunnel diode can be used as a very high frequency oscillator. For voltages higher than valley voltage Vv current starts increasing as in any normal diode.
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