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Q.1 Briefly discuss the different layers of ANSI SPARC architecture.
Ans: The three layers of ANSI SPARC architecture are like this:
1. Internal view is at the lowest level of abstraction, closest to the physical storage method employed. It points out how the data will be stored and explains the data structures and access methods to be employed by the database. There is one internal view for the whole database.
2. Global or Conceptual View: At this level of abstraction all the database entities and the relationships between them are included. There is one conceptual view for the whole database.
3. External or User View: The external or user view is at the highest level of database abstraction in which just only those portions of the database concern to a user or application programme are involved. Some external or user views may exist for a specified global or conceptual view.
What is B-Tree? A B-tree eliminates the redundant storage of search-key values .It permits search key values to appear only once.
What are composite attributes? Composite attributes can be separated in to sub parts.
Question 1: (a) Explain the legal meaning of :- (i) Computer Service Person (ii) Data holding (b) Explain how the law ensures Data protection and Security. Qu
how does Btree differ from a B+ - tree?
Data independence seems that "the application is independent of the access strategy and storage structure of data". In other words, the ability to change the schema definition in o
Consider the subsequent relations for a database which keeps track of business trips of salespersons in a sales office: SALESPERSON (SSN, Name, start_year, Dept_no) TRIP (SSN, Fr
Hot Backup: Some sites cannot terminate the database while creating a backup copy of the files. The cold backup is not a reliable option. So different kinds of backing up database
What does data dictionary is a special file contains ? The data dictionary is a special file contain The name of all fields in all files.The width of all fields in all files an
A View may be defined of as a virtual table, that is, a table that does not really exist in its own right but is instead inferred from one or more underlying base data table. T
Example: RELATIONAL SCHEMA for PERSON: PERSON (PERSON_ID: integer, NAME: string, AGE: integer, ADDRESS: String) RELATION INSTANCE In this instance, m = 3 and n = 4
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