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Q.1 Briefly discuss the different layers of ANSI SPARC architecture.
Ans: The three layers of ANSI SPARC architecture are like this:
1. Internal view is at the lowest level of abstraction, closest to the physical storage method employed. It points out how the data will be stored and explains the data structures and access methods to be employed by the database. There is one internal view for the whole database.
2. Global or Conceptual View: At this level of abstraction all the database entities and the relationships between them are included. There is one conceptual view for the whole database.
3. External or User View: The external or user view is at the highest level of database abstraction in which just only those portions of the database concern to a user or application programme are involved. Some external or user views may exist for a specified global or conceptual view.
What are the drawbacks of shadow-paging technique? The drawbacks of shadow paging is:- a) Commit Overhead b) Data fragmentation c) Garbage collection
Lack of standards and experience: The lack of standards has considerably limited the potential of distributed DBMSs. As well, there are no tools or methodologies to help users cha
What is a database? Database - Basically in simple terms A database is a collection of inter related data and/or information stored so which it is available to several users
Describe the benefits of OOD techniques OOD techniques are very useful for development of large and complex systems. It has been noted that large projects that are developed u
sql is relationally complete-justify
ALTER TABLE Command : This command is used for variation of existing structure of the table in the given situation: When a new column is to be added to the table structure.
Normalize the following table upto and including the 3NF. Submit a 1 page printout of only the final set of normalized tables in Data Architect. Just use Data Architect to do the t
Advantages and disadvantages of icloud based storage
how draw er diagram
i am not clear with the climetic condition of the north indian plain. can u plz explain it for me
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