Disaccharides, Biology

Assignment Help:

DISACCHARIDES

  • They are oligosaccharides composed of two monosaccharide residues .
  • Three common disaccharides are   sucrose (glucose + fructose) = cane suger maltose (glucose + glucose) = malt sugar lactose (glucose + galactose) = milk sugar
  • Common formula is Cn(H2O)n-1.

SUCROSE

  • Commercial or Table sugar.
  • Obtained from stems of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) and roots of Beet sugar (Beta vulgaris).
  • Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar.
  • Sweetness index of sucrose is 100.
  • Formed of two molecules each of glucose and fructose.
  • It has neither aldehyde group nor keto group.

MALTOSE

  • Malt Sugar
  • It is a disaccharide formed of two molecules of glucose which are connected to each other through the a -1, 4 D-glycosidic linkage.
  • It is present in Barley.
  • Maltose is formed during hydrolysis of starch.
  • It is found in germinating cereals.
  • The sugar is present in malt, and is therefore, also called malt sugar.
  • Sweetness index is 30.
  • Maltose is a reducing surgar.

LACTOSE

  • Milk Sugar.
  • It is a disaccharide sugar present in milk upto the extent of 5%.
  • Lactose is formed of D-galactose and D-glucose, both in pyranose state, through the b-1, 4 glycocydic bond.
  • The monosaccharide galactose is also synthesised from glucose inside the mammary glands.
  • Sweetness index of lactose is 16.
  • Like maltose, lactose is a reducing sugar.
  • Souring of milk occurs when bacteria convert lactose into lactic acid.
  • Present only in mammals.

TREHALOSE

  • It is a disaccharide sugar made of two glucose residues which was originally obtained from cocoon of Trehela (weevil Larinus species) as sweetening agent.
  • Trehalose is found in haemolymph of some insects and fungi including yeast.

Related Discussions:- Disaccharides

What is the function of the myelin sheath, What is the function of the myel...

What is the function of the myelin sheath? Do all axons present a myelin sheath? The function of the myelin sheath is to get better the safety and speed of the neural impulse t

Partial pericardiectomy-pericardial effusion, Partial Pericardiectomy :  ...

Partial Pericardiectomy :  The approach can be either by a left anterolateral thoracotomy or median sternotomy. For pyogenic pericarditis with adhesions and loculations a par

Indications for gingival curettage - endodontic surgery, Indications for Gi...

Indications for Gingival Curettage - Endodontic Surgery a) Persistent periradicular pathosis following endodontic treatment, b) Periradicular lesion that enlarges after endo

Define the psychological problems - effect of obesity, Define the Psycholog...

Define the Psychological problems - Effect of Obesity? Obese people may be exposed to ridicule and discrimination in areas like employment, promotions and social interactions.

Of which type of tissue is the heart made, Of which type of tissue is the h...

Of which type of tissue is the heart made? How is this tissue oxygenated and nutrified? The heart is made of striated cardiac muscle tissue. The heart muscle is known as the my

Periphyton - aquatic ecosystem, Periphyton - Aquatic Ecosystem These a...

Periphyton - Aquatic Ecosystem These are organisms which remain attached or clinging to stems and leaves of rooted plants or substances emerging above the bottom mud. Usually

Explain the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia, Explain the Treatment of ...

Explain the Treatment of iron deficiency anaemia? Oral iron is the preferred method of treatment of IDA. The dosage is decided depending on the severity of the condition. Gener

Human respiratory system - nasal chamber, NASA L CHAMBER - External...

NASA L CHAMBER - External nares are 2 in number, i.e., dirhynous. Situated at lower side of nose. Open into nasal chamber. Nasal chamber opens into pharynx by internal n

Different osmotic pressures, Q. Can solutions with the same concentration o...

Q. Can solutions with the same concentration of diverse solutes have different osmotic pressures? The osmotic pressure of a solution does not depend on the nature of the solute

What is the main risk factor for skin cancer, Q. What is the main risk fact...

Q. What is the main risk factor for skin cancer? The major risk factor for skin cancer is solar exposition of the skin without protection against ultraviolet radiation (a poten

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd