Disaccharides, Biology

Assignment Help:

DISACCHARIDES

  • They are oligosaccharides composed of two monosaccharide residues .
  • Three common disaccharides are   sucrose (glucose + fructose) = cane suger maltose (glucose + glucose) = malt sugar lactose (glucose + galactose) = milk sugar
  • Common formula is Cn(H2O)n-1.

SUCROSE

  • Commercial or Table sugar.
  • Obtained from stems of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) and roots of Beet sugar (Beta vulgaris).
  • Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar.
  • Sweetness index of sucrose is 100.
  • Formed of two molecules each of glucose and fructose.
  • It has neither aldehyde group nor keto group.

MALTOSE

  • Malt Sugar
  • It is a disaccharide formed of two molecules of glucose which are connected to each other through the a -1, 4 D-glycosidic linkage.
  • It is present in Barley.
  • Maltose is formed during hydrolysis of starch.
  • It is found in germinating cereals.
  • The sugar is present in malt, and is therefore, also called malt sugar.
  • Sweetness index is 30.
  • Maltose is a reducing surgar.

LACTOSE

  • Milk Sugar.
  • It is a disaccharide sugar present in milk upto the extent of 5%.
  • Lactose is formed of D-galactose and D-glucose, both in pyranose state, through the b-1, 4 glycocydic bond.
  • The monosaccharide galactose is also synthesised from glucose inside the mammary glands.
  • Sweetness index of lactose is 16.
  • Like maltose, lactose is a reducing sugar.
  • Souring of milk occurs when bacteria convert lactose into lactic acid.
  • Present only in mammals.

TREHALOSE

  • It is a disaccharide sugar made of two glucose residues which was originally obtained from cocoon of Trehela (weevil Larinus species) as sweetening agent.
  • Trehalose is found in haemolymph of some insects and fungi including yeast.

Related Discussions:- Disaccharides

Explain the wound breakdown, Wound breakdown With careful flap design a...

Wound breakdown With careful flap design and gentle tissue handling this is a rare complication. The healing which follows is by secondary intention and can be aided by chlorhe

Explain short term complications, Q. Explain Short term complications? ...

Q. Explain Short term complications? Short term complications may arise due to GERD which may in turn increase the frequency or severity of this disease. One of the complicatio

Free racials, Which of the following could potentially be a free radical? A...

Which of the following could potentially be a free radical? Answer oxygen (atomic number 8) helium (atomic number 2) neon (atomic number 10)

Hormones secreted by adrenal gland, Hormone s . Cortical steroids (cortico...

Hormone s . Cortical steroids (corticoids-hormones of adrenal cortex) are grouped into three catagories : mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids and gonadocorticoids. (i) Mine

Determine the significance of siphuncle., Determine the significance of Sip...

Determine the significance of Siphuncle. A cord of tissue that passes between different chambers of a Nautilid shell. Siphuncle regulates the amount of air or fluid in chambers

Conditions necessary for outbreak of staphylococcal food, Q. Conditions Nec...

Q. Conditions Necessary for Outbreak of staphylococcal food? The following conditions are necessary for an outbreak of staphylococcal food poisoning: 1. The food must conta

Digestive system - tongue, TONGU E - On the tongue 4 types of p...

TONGU E - On the tongue 4 types of papillae are present. (i) Filliform - Filliform papillae are most abundant and have no taste bunds. Filliform papillae

Define the types of ketogenic diets, Define the types of Ketogenic Diets? ...

Define the types of Ketogenic Diets? The ketogenic diet is initiated after an initial period of Pasting for 24-72 hours, till ketosis is established. There are two types of ket

How is the blood typing concerning the abo system, How is the blood typing ...

How is the blood typing concerning the ABO system and the Rh usually done? In a blood typing for the ABO system and the Rh system a blood sample is collected from the person an

Renin-angiotensin system, As heart failure sets in, there is activation of ...

As heart failure sets in, there is activation of RAS (Fig 2.1). Adrenergic stimulation of beta-1 receptors in juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidneys results in release of renin.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd