Disaccharides, Biology

Assignment Help:

DISACCHARIDES

  • They are oligosaccharides composed of two monosaccharide residues .
  • Three common disaccharides are   sucrose (glucose + fructose) = cane suger maltose (glucose + glucose) = malt sugar lactose (glucose + galactose) = milk sugar
  • Common formula is Cn(H2O)n-1.

SUCROSE

  • Commercial or Table sugar.
  • Obtained from stems of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) and roots of Beet sugar (Beta vulgaris).
  • Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar.
  • Sweetness index of sucrose is 100.
  • Formed of two molecules each of glucose and fructose.
  • It has neither aldehyde group nor keto group.

MALTOSE

  • Malt Sugar
  • It is a disaccharide formed of two molecules of glucose which are connected to each other through the a -1, 4 D-glycosidic linkage.
  • It is present in Barley.
  • Maltose is formed during hydrolysis of starch.
  • It is found in germinating cereals.
  • The sugar is present in malt, and is therefore, also called malt sugar.
  • Sweetness index is 30.
  • Maltose is a reducing surgar.

LACTOSE

  • Milk Sugar.
  • It is a disaccharide sugar present in milk upto the extent of 5%.
  • Lactose is formed of D-galactose and D-glucose, both in pyranose state, through the b-1, 4 glycocydic bond.
  • The monosaccharide galactose is also synthesised from glucose inside the mammary glands.
  • Sweetness index of lactose is 16.
  • Like maltose, lactose is a reducing sugar.
  • Souring of milk occurs when bacteria convert lactose into lactic acid.
  • Present only in mammals.

TREHALOSE

  • It is a disaccharide sugar made of two glucose residues which was originally obtained from cocoon of Trehela (weevil Larinus species) as sweetening agent.
  • Trehalose is found in haemolymph of some insects and fungi including yeast.

Related Discussions:- Disaccharides

Chemical stress, Chemical Stress Survival of cells is dependent on car...

Chemical Stress Survival of cells is dependent on carrying out of a set of chemical reactions (metabolic reactions) in a particular order. This results in a net gain in mass a

Bohr effect, Bohr Effect Another important influence is the pH. Increa...

Bohr Effect Another important influence is the pH. Increase in carbon dioxide or other acids lowers the pH of plasma and shifts the dissociation curve to the right. At high ca

Explain the conveyor (or band) dryers, Explain the Conveyor (or Band) Dryer...

Explain the Conveyor (or Band) Dryers? In the conveyor (or band) dryer, the product is distributed on a moving belt, typically of a perforated plate, that passes through a tunn

What are the bacteria, Q. What are the bacteria? Bacteria are unicellul...

Q. What are the bacteria? Bacteria are unicellular and prokaryotic beings. Bacteria have simple organization they present an exterior cell wall, plasma membrane, circular DNA w

Explain the amphibian heart and the reptile heart, What is the difference b...

What is the difference between the amphibian heart and the reptile heart? The reptiles have double and incomplete circulation too, three heart chambers (two atria and one ventr

What are flight adaptations present by birds, Q. What are flight adaptation...

Q. What are flight adaptations present by birds? Wings associated to a well-developed pectoral musculature, less accumulation, pneumatic bones of feces in the bowels due to the

Plant tissue, classification of plan''s tissue

classification of plan''s tissue

Fats requirements for ulcerative colitis, Q. Fats requirements for ulcerati...

Q. Fats requirements for ulcerative colitis? Usual foods, which contain fats (invisible or inherent fat), are permitted but not fried foods, as they are not easily digested due

How is carbon dioxide made by producers and consumers, Q. How is carbon dio...

Q. How is carbon dioxide made by producers and consumers? The Carbon dioxide is made by consumers and producers through cellular respiration.

In what ways does over-grazing lead to soil erosion, In what ways does over...

In what ways does over-grazing lead to soil erosion? Over-grazing leads to erosion because (i) the animals delete all the vegetation, so exposing the soil to heavy rain, (ii) t

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd