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Dirty Reads: T10 reads a value which is updated by T9. This update has not been committed and T9 aborts.
T9
T10
Value of x old value =
200
UPDATE X
500
READ X
ROLLBACK
?
Here T10 reads a value that is updated by transaction T9 that has been aborted. Therefore T10 has read a value that would never exist in the database and hence the trouble. Here the difficulty is primarily of isolation of transaction.
Advantages of Observation Methods: Bailey has pointed out four advantages of observation: 1. Superior in Data Collection on Non Verbal Behavior: When a person a opi
It defines that no primary key value can be null. This is as the primary key is used to recognize individual tuple in the relation. So we will not be able to recognize the records
What is first normal form? The domain of attribute must contain only atomic (simple, indivisible) values.
A use case diagram giving a pictorial overview of user requirements and brief use case descriptions. As the case study contains only an outline of a business scenario, you will als
INSERT INTO command : Values can be inserted for all columns or for the selected columns Values can be given by sub query. In place of values parameter substitution
Q.1 Briefly discuss the different layers of ANSI SPARC architecture. Ans: The three layers of ANSI SPARC architecture are like this: 1. Internal view is at the lowest leve
What are the advantages of Logical Databases? It offers a simple-to-use selection screens. You can change the pre-generated selection screen to your needs. It offers check f
A field-groups statement or an insert statement reverses storage space and transfers values. False.
To eliminate duplicate rows (distinct operator) Example: SELECT DISTINCT DEPTNO FROM EMP;
Data independence seems that "the application is independent of the access strategy and storage structure of data". In other words, the ability to change the schema definition in o
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