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Direct Organization:
Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organization, the data records are stored or "accessed" by using a scheme of converting the record into the disk address to which the record is placed. Therefore, no index table as in the case of an indexed file is essential.
REDEFINES CLAUSE: At times it may be found that two or more storage regions defined in the DATA DIVISION are not in use concurrently. In such situations only one storage regio
COMPUTE VERB: The COMPUTE verb is very powerful. All the evaluations performed by the other 4 verbs can also be completed easily by using the COMPUTE verb. Its normal format i
Selection of file Organization: While designing a file, the programmer should select an appropriate association for a file. The order in which the choice is to be made is as s
Structure of a COBOL Program: Every COBOL program should have the 4 divisions in the order in which they are specified below: 1. Identification division 2. Environment D
WRITE STATEMENT: The records are written to be logical place as determined from the value of the record key. The INVALID KEY condition occurs in the cases shown below: (i)
SIGN CONDITION: The sign condition establishes whether or not the algebraic value of an operand is negative, positive or zero. The operand can be either the numeric identif
Example of compound condition: In common, a compound condition has the form which is as shown below: Where condition-1 & condition-2 can be any one of the below:
CLASS CONDITION: The class condition establishes whether or not the value of the operand is numeric or alphabetic. The operand is numeric if it contains only the digits 0 t
Identification Division: The Identification Division is the first division of each and every COBOL source program. The paragraph PROGRAM-ID is necessary in most of the mac
PROCEDURE DIVISION statements for the indexed files: All the statements which are available for a relative file are also available for an indexed file. READ STTATEMENT :
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