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Direct Organization:
Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organization, the data records are stored or "accessed" by using a scheme of converting the record into the disk address to which the record is placed. Therefore, no index table as in the case of an indexed file is essential.
OCCURS CLAUSE - PROGRAM: We have to write a program to elaborate occurs clause. Get names and marks of the students and show them on the screen. identification division.
DATA RECORD CLAUSE: The DATA RECORD clause, documents the record names defined for the file. For illustration, DATA RECORDS ARE REC-1, REC-2, REC-3 that means there are 3diffe
WRITE Statement: The WRITE statement for a relative file has the format which is as shown below. WRITE record-name [ FORM identifier ]
PROGRAM FOR MOVE CORRESPONDING: We have to write a simple program to demonstrate Move Corresponding. identification division. program- id. environment division.
Comparison of the Numeric Operand with Nonnumeric Operand: The numeric operand can be compared to the nonnumeric operand subject to the restrictions which are as follows.
Plus Sign - edit characters for numeric data: + (Plus Sign) : A plus sign is alike to minus sign except that when the item is positive, +sign will be inserted rather th
Group Item as Operand in the Relational Condition: Whenever an operand of a relational condition is the group item, the item is then considered to be an alphanumeric field. Th
Comparison of Nonnumeric Operands: A nonnumeric operand can be compared to the other nonnumeric operand according to the rules as shown below: (i) Fields of Equal Sizes:
UPDATING OF THE RELATIVE AND INDEXED FILES: The Sequential files are updated by creating a new master file from an existing old master file and a transaction file. Such an Upda
Example of Move corresponding: Consider the DATA DIVISION entries shown below. Suppose it is needed that the data stored in the 4 fields of the PAY_REC should be
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