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Direct Organization:
Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organization, the data records are stored or "accessed" by using a scheme of converting the record into the disk address to which the record is placed. Therefore, no index table as in the case of an indexed file is essential.
DELETE STATEMENT: The format of the delete statement is as shown below: DELETE file-name RECORD [ ; INVALID KEY imperative-statement ] Whenever the ACCESS MOD
REWRITE statement: The REWRITE statement is used to update the existing record in a disk file. The normal format is as shown below: REWRIE record-name [ FROM ide
B (Blank Insertion) : The occurrence of a B anyplace in the picture will insert a space character in the edited data. There can be more than one B in the picture. Examples:
PROGRAMS FOR REDEFINES CLAUSE: We have to write a simple program to explain the REDEFINES clause at 01 level. identification division. program- id. Redef. environment
Example of Perform statement: PERFORM BEGIN-CALCULATION THRU END-CALCULATION. Assume, BEGIN-CALCULATION and END-CALCULTION is paragraph names. The execution of the PERFORM
Concept of a two-dimensional table: Concept of a two-dimensional table can be easily extended to tables having three or more dimensions. The Handling of tables up to three dim
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION: This section holds information regarding the files to be used in the program. There are 2 paragraphs in this section- FILE-CONTROL & I-O-CONTROL. The
Figurative Constants: The Figurative constants have several fixed names and the compiler recognizes these names and it sets up the equivalent values in the object program.
Size: The number of characters or digits needed to store the data item in the memory in termed as the Size of the data item. All the 4 general characteristics explained can
INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILES: In the indexed sequential files which are also known as indexed files, the records are stored in the sequence order generally in ascending order. In
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