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Direct Organization:
Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organization, the data records are stored or "accessed" by using a scheme of converting the record into the disk address to which the record is placed. Therefore, no index table as in the case of an indexed file is essential.
Non numeric: The nonnumeric literal is used in normal to output messages or headings. The Characters which are enclosed between " " constitute nonnumeric literal. The maximum
Edit Characters for Numeric Data: The characters below can be used in the PICTURE clause to indicate the editing. Z * $ - + CR DB . , B O /
Illustration of Multiply verb: (a) MULTIPLY A BY B. In this situation the value of A & B will be multiplied and the product will be stored in B. The decimal point locatio
NESTED IF STATEMENT: The then and else statement of an IF statement can hold other IF statements. The involved IF statements in their turn may also hold other IF statements
Currency Sign - edit characters for numeric data: $ (Currency Sign): The single currency sign can appear at the leftmost place of a picture. In that situation the $ cha
STATEMENTS FOR SEQUENTIAL FILES: A basic operation on a file includes the reading and writing of its records. Whenever the file is sequential, there are three verbs for the
what does it used
Data types available in COBOL are given below Alpha-numeric (X), numeric (9), alphabetic (A)
MULTIPLY VERB: The Multiply Verb causes one or more multiplicands to be multiplied by the multiplier and to store the products. The form of the MULTIPLY verb is as shown be
OCCURS - INDEXED BY PROGRAM: identification division. program- id. searching. environment division. data division. working-storage section. 01 table1. 0
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