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Direct Organization:
Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organization, the data records are stored or "accessed" by using a scheme of converting the record into the disk address to which the record is placed. Therefore, no index table as in the case of an indexed file is essential.
WRITE STATEMENT: The records are written to be logical place as determined from the value of the record key. The INVALID KEY condition occurs in the cases shown below: (i)
SEQUENTIAL FILE CREATION AND REWRITING: We have to write a program to create a student file with just two fields: sno i.e. Student Number and same i.e. Student Name. Add a few
INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILES: In the indexed sequential files which are also known as indexed files, the records are stored in the sequence order generally in ascending order. In
Example of Redefines clause: This illustration describes a sales record that may either contain the total amount of sale or the quantity (QTY) and UNIT-PRICE. The aim of such
RELATIVE FILES: The Files that are stored on a direct access storage medium like magnetic disk are frequently known as direct access files. The COBOL supports three different
IF ... ELSE STATEMENT: We are familiar with an easy form of the IF statement. The common form of the IF statement is as shown below: Each of the statement-1 and statem
WRITE statement: The WRITE statement for tape and sequential-disk files has the syntax shown below. WRITE record-name [ FROM identifier ] As a resu
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FILE-CONTROL paragraph for the indexed files: The common format for the SELECT clause for a file is as shown below: SELECT file-name ASSIGN TO implementor -name
PROGRAM FOR INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILE CREATION (RANDOM MODE): We have to write a program to create an Indexed Sequential File in random mode for Student particulars. Suppose jus
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