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Direct Organization:
Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organization, the data records are stored or "accessed" by using a scheme of converting the record into the disk address to which the record is placed. Therefore, no index table as in the case of an indexed file is essential.
PROGRAM FOR IF : We have to write a program to check whether the given number is ODD or EVEN. Identification division. Program- id. Ifst. Environment division.
PERFORM WITH VARYING OPTION: The format is as shown below:
RULES OF REDEFINES CLAUSE The rules shown below govern the use of the REDEFINES clause: (i) The level-number of data-name-1 and data-name-2 should be identical. (ii) Exce
PICTURE specification: The size of a group item is equivalent to the total of the sizes of all the subordinate elementary items. The group item class is alphanumeric. The i
Label Records / Disk Directory: The most important information stored in the header label is what is termed as the file title. In the situation of magnetic-disk files the labe
SIMPLE MERGE VERB: Like sorting, the merging of files is often required in different commercial application. It is likely to merge two or more files with the help of one MERGE
Major difference between file and array how does record read from array and file why we are not preparing array for real time
DECLARATIVE and FILE STATUS Clause: The input-output exception condition in the situation of a direct access files can be handled by a declarative procedure in a manner simila
Picture Clause: The picture clause explains the general characteristics of an elementary data item. These characteristics are elaborated below: Class: In COBOL the
NONSTANDARD CLAUSES: The various clauses explained above are as per the ANSI standard. Also, most compilers provide for additional nonstandard clauses to meet the specific nec
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