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Direct Organization:
Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organization, the data records are stored or "accessed" by using a scheme of converting the record into the disk address to which the record is placed. Therefore, no index table as in the case of an indexed file is essential.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION: This section holds information regarding the files to be used in the program. There are 2 paragraphs in this section- FILE-CONTROL & I-O-CONTROL. The
ADD VERB: The ADD Verb can be used to find the sum of two or more numbers and to store the sum. The ADD verb takes any one of the two forms as shown below:
PROGRAM FOR MASTER FILE MAINTENANCE: We have to write a program to keep the stu-file for which a record has just 2 fields,viz., rno(Roll Number) and name(Student Name). Give t
CONDITION - COBOL Programming: The condition is an entity which at one point of time can have only one of the two values - true or false. As we already know that, the IF verb
, (Comma) : A comma, whenever used in a picture, is considered as an insertion character and inserted wherever it become visible. There can be more than one comma in the pictu
SEQUENTIAL FILES WITH THE VARIABLE-LENGTH RECORDS: The Magnetic - tape or disk files can hold variable-length records. In this situation the file can have records with various
/ (Slash Insertion): The edit character slash (/) also termed as virgule or stroke, may appear anyplace in the picture. When used, it will be inserted. More than one slash can
Examples - Edit characters for numeric data: The following illustration illustrates the use of Z editing characters. The character b is used to indicate the space character an
PROGRAM FOR IF -ELSE: We have to write a program to check whether the given number is ODD or EVEN. You can use IF..ELSE. Identification division. Program- id. IfElse.
single program how may when statement has used
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