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Direct Organization:
Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organization, the data records are stored or "accessed" by using a scheme of converting the record into the disk address to which the record is placed. Therefore, no index table as in the case of an indexed file is essential.
DECLARATIVE and FILE STATUS Clause: The input-output exception condition in the situation of a direct access files can be handled by a declarative procedure in a manner simila
OCCURS CLAUSE - PROGRAM: We have to write a program to demonstrate the occurs clause. Get names of the students and show them on the screen. identification division.
Introduction to MOVE Verb: The aim of this section is to introduce the learner how to move data from one place to the other place in the memory. This is completed with the help
/ (Slash Insertion): The edit character slash (/) also termed as virgule or stroke, may appear anyplace in the picture. When used, it will be inserted. More than one slash can
REWRITE STATEMENT: As in the situation of a relative file, the REWRITE statement needs that the file should be opened in the I-O mode, and if the SEQENTIAL access mode is spec
Evaluate is like a case statement & Evaluate stamenet can be used to replace nested Ifs. The difference b/w EVALUATE and case is that there is no 'break' is required for EVALUATE
START STATEMENT: The START statement places the files to the initial logical record whose record key satisfies the condition specified by the KEY phrase. The access mode shoul
Currency Sign - edit characters for numeric data: $ (Currency Sign): The single currency sign can appear at the leftmost place of a picture. In that situation the $ cha
Size: The number of characters or digits needed to store the data item in the memory in termed as the Size of the data item. All the 4 general characteristics explained can
Example of read statement: Illustration: READ OLD-MASTER AT END MOVE ZERO TO END-OF-RECORDS. As a result of this statement, generally the next record from the OLD-MAST
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