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Direct Organization:
Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organization, the data records are stored or "accessed" by using a scheme of converting the record into the disk address to which the record is placed. Therefore, no index table as in the case of an indexed file is essential.
Example of constructing an arithmetic expression: An arithmetic expression may be proceeded by a + or - sign. These operations are known as unary + or unary - operators. Il
Example of Special-names: Consider the illustration: Let the SPECIAL-NAMES paragraph be as shown: SPECIAL-NAMES. CHANNEL 1 IS PAGE-TOP. The Channel is related with the t
NESTED IF STATEMENT: The then and else statement of an IF statement can hold other IF statements. The involved IF statements in their turn may also hold other IF statements
RENAMES CLAUSE: At times re-grouping of an elementary data items in a record may be essential so that they can belong to the original as well as to the latest group. This is o
Example of File-control: The assign clause assigns a specific physical peripheral device name to a file. The physical peripheral device are machine-dependent. We use the devic
PROGRAM FOR CONDITION NAMES: We have to write a simple program to demonstrate Condition names usage. identification division. program- id. environment division.
PROGRAM FOR MOVE CORRESPONDING: We have to write a simple program to demonstrate Move Corresponding. identification division. program- id. environment division.
Example of Open statement: Illustration: The OPEN INPUT TRANSACTION, OLD-MASTER OUTPUT NEW-MASTER. The illustration represents that there are two input files named the
RULES FOR INDEXED TABLES: The rules of indexing a table with an INDEXED phrase are as shown below: (1) If indexing is completed for any one level of a table, then indexing
WRITE statement: The WRITE statement for tape and sequential-disk files has the syntax shown below. WRITE record-name [ FROM identifier ] As a resu
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