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Direct Organization:
Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organization, the data records are stored or "accessed" by using a scheme of converting the record into the disk address to which the record is placed. Therefore, no index table as in the case of an indexed file is essential.
OCCURS - INDEXED BY PROGRAM: identification division. program- id. searching. environment division. data division. working-storage section. 01 table1. 0
VALUE CLAUSE: The value clause defines the preliminary value of the data item. Normally initialization will be completed just before the first statement in the procedure di
Illustration of Subtract verb: (a) SUBTRACT A FROM B. This illustration means that the value of A will be subtracted from the value of B and the subtracted result will be s
Currency Sign - edit characters for numeric data: $ (Currency Sign): The single currency sign can appear at the leftmost place of a picture. In that situation the $ cha
READ STATEMENTS: The common format for the read statements is as shown bellow. Format 1: READ file-name RECORD [ INTO identifier ] [ ; AT END imperative-s
RULES FOR SEARCH VERB: The rules apply for the SEARCH verb is as shown below: (1) The SEARCH verb can be applied only to a table that has the OCCURS clause and INDEXED phra
Format for COBOL Programs: The COBOL is a high-level language. Therefore, a COBOL program can be executed on a computer for which a COBOL compiler exists. The compiler transla
Character Set: To study any language, first one should know the alphabets of the language and they are termed as character set in general. There are 50 different characters in
what does it used
INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILES: In the indexed sequential files which are also known as indexed files, the records are stored in the sequence order generally in ascending order. In
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