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Direct Organization:
Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organization, the data records are stored or "accessed" by using a scheme of converting the record into the disk address to which the record is placed. Therefore, no index table as in the case of an indexed file is essential.
FILE CHARACTERISTICS: The task of file handling is the responsibility of the system software termed as IOCS (Input-Output control system). Record Size: We know that th
B (Blank Insertion) : The occurrence of a B anyplace in the picture will insert a space character in the edited data. There can be more than one B in the picture. Examples:
RELATIONAL CONDITION: We know that a relational condition specifies a comparison between two operands and has the form. Operand-1 relational-operator operand-2
COBOL Words: The COBOL word can be formed by using the characters as shown below: 0-9 A-Z (a-z) - (hyphen) The rules below should be hold in forming the COBOL words.
READ STATEMENT: The aim of this verb is to make available the next logical record from the input file. It is important to note the meaning of the "next" logical record in the
, (Comma) : A comma, whenever used in a picture, is considered as an insertion character and inserted wherever it become visible. There can be more than one comma in the pictu
ARITHMETIC VERBS: Most of the problems need some computations to be performed on the input or intermediate data that are numeric in nature. The Arithmetic verbs are used to pe
Size: The number of characters or digits needed to store the data item in the memory in termed as the Size of the data item. All the 4 general characteristics explained can
Example of Nested if statement: Illustration: Consider the following sentence The nested IF sentence holds two IFs and one ELSE. The IF-ELSE couple has been marke
Display control verbs in Cobol
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