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Direct Organization:
Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organization, the data records are stored or "accessed" by using a scheme of converting the record into the disk address to which the record is placed. Therefore, no index table as in the case of an indexed file is essential.
Illustration of indexed tables: Index items defined through the INDEXED phrase of the OCCURS clause are one type of indexes. There can be other type of index items that are de
SEARCH VERB: The SEARCH verb is used to position elements in one-dimensional tables. Let us consider the following problem. Assume that each element of a table consists of thr
IF ... ELSE STATEMENT: We are familiar with an easy form of the IF statement. The common form of the IF statement is as shown below: Each of the statement-1 and statem
PROGRAMS FOR REDEFINES CLAUSE: We have to write a simple program to explain the REDEFINES clause at 01 level. identification division. program- id. Redef. environment
FILE-CONTROL paragraph for the indexed files: The common format for the SELECT clause for a file is as shown below: SELECT file-name ASSIGN TO implementor -name
Illustration of Divide verb: (a) DIVIDE 5 INTO A. If the value of A is 20, then after execution of this statement the value of A will be 4. The older value of A will be los
Format for COBOL Programs: The COBOL is a high-level language. Therefore, a COBOL program can be executed on a computer for which a COBOL compiler exists. The compiler transla
Rules for apply for the condition name: The rules below apply for the condition name. (i) The Condition names should be explained at level 88. The level number starts in ma
REWRITE STATEMENT: The REWRITE statement has the format for a relative file as shown below, REWRITE record-name [ FORM identifier ]
Rules for Simple sort verb: The work file is to be defined by a sort elaboration entry (SD entry).The format of SD entry is as shown below. The rules below should be taken
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