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Direct Organization:
Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organization, the data records are stored or "accessed" by using a scheme of converting the record into the disk address to which the record is placed. Therefore, no index table as in the case of an indexed file is essential.
RULES FOR INDEXED TABLES: The rules of indexing a table with an INDEXED phrase are as shown below: (1) If indexing is completed for any one level of a table, then indexing
Examples - Edit characters for numeric data: The following illustration illustrates the use of Z editing characters. The character b is used to indicate the space character an
Example of Accept statement: For illustration, ACCEPT FLAG-A can be specified to read the value of the FLAG_A from the console. It may be keep in mind that no file definition
READ STATEMENT: The aim of this verb is to make available the next logical record from the input file. It is important to note the meaning of the "next" logical record in the
PROGRAM FOR ADD VERB: We have to write a simple program to elaborate the ADD verb. You can also use edit characters in the program. Identification division. Program- id.
Sign - Picture clause: The numeric data item can be signed or unsigned. If a numeric data is regarded as unsigned then during the execution these unsigned data items are treat
Evaluate is like a case statement & Evaluate stamenet can be used to replace nested Ifs. The difference b/w EVALUATE and case is that there is no 'break' is required for EVALUATE
Comparison of Numeric Operands: We are well-known with the kind of the relational condition where both the operands are numeric. The comparison in this situation is algebraic
NESTED IF STATEMENT: The then and else statement of an IF statement can hold other IF statements. The involved IF statements in their turn may also hold other IF statements
, (Comma) : A comma, whenever used in a picture, is considered as an insertion character and inserted wherever it become visible. There can be more than one comma in the pictu
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