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Differentiate between various levels of data abstraction?
Data Abstraction - Abstraction is the procedure to hide the irrelevant things from the users and represent the relevant things to the user. Database systems are frequent used through non-computer professionals so in which the complexity must be hidden from database system users. This is done through defining levels of abstract as that the database may be viewed; there is logical view or external view, conceptual view and internal view or physical view.
1. External View - This is the highest level of abstraction as seen through a user. It describes only the part of whole database, that is relevant to a particular user.
2. Conceptual View - This is the next higher stages of abstraction that is the sum total of Database Management System user's views. It elaborates what data are in fact stored in the database. It contains information about whole database in terms of a small number of associatively easy structure.
3. Internal View - This is the lowest level of abstraction. It elaborates how the data are physically stored
Boyce-Code Normal Form (BCNF) A relationship is said to be in BCNF if it is already in 3NF and the left hand side of each dependency is a candidate key. A relation who is in 3N
what is er digram given that example of hospital,bank and library er digram.
Though all the ABAP/4 Dictionary Structures that exists in the structure of the LDB, being described in Database Program, we are explaining the Dictionary Structures in the Report.
Improved Reliability: In a centralised DBMS, a server failure stops the operations of the DBMS. Though, a failure at single site of a DDBMS, or a failure of a communication link cr
You will be analysing a set of financial data of your choice. It is not necessary to collect any primary data of your own, and publicly available secondary data will be sufficient
#what is cursor its uses ? Explain it
Describe Parameteric end users? Parametric end users might be given update access, but are commonly not permitted to change the structure of data.
Q. Explain the terms key constraints participation constraints and mapping caradinalities in ER model. Participation Constraints : The participation of an entity set E i
Probelm: a) In the context of OODBMS, define the following terms with appropriate examples. (i) Object class. (ii) Abstract class. (iii) Aggregation. (iv)
What is data block? Data Block - In oracle the data blocks are referred to as tablespaces. A tablespace is an fields of disk consisting of one or more disk files. A tablespace
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