Determine the maximum permissible axial load, Mechanical Engineering

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Determine the maximum permissible axial load:

In an open coiled spring of 10 coils the stresses because of bending and twisting are 120 N/mm2 and 150 N/mm2 respectively while the spring is loaded axially. Supposing the mean radius of the coil is 5 times the wire diameter, determine the maximum permissible axial load and the wire diameter for a maximum extension of 20 mm.

E = 200 GPa, G = 80 GPa.

Solution

n = 10, R = 5d, Δ = 20 mm, E = 200 GPa = 200 × 103 N/mm2 , τ = 120 N/mm2,

G = 80 GPa = 80 × 103 N/mm2 , W = ?,  d = ?

σ b = 32 W R sin α / π d 3= 120 N/mm2

τ= 16 W R cos α/ π d 3 =150 N/mm2

Taking ratio of τ/ σb

2 tan α=  120 / 150

tan α= 0.4

sin α= 0.37;  sin 2 α = 0.14

cos α= 0.93;  cos2 α= 0.86 , sec α = 1.075

Δ= 64 W R3 sec α/d4    (cos2 α/G+ 2 sin 2 α/E)

⇒         20 = (64 W (5d )3 (10)/ d 4 × 0.93)[ 0.86/ (80 × 103) +((2 × 0.14)/ (200 × 103)]

∴          W / d  = 19.99             ------------ (1)

              32 × W × (5d ) × 0.37/ π d 3  = 120

⇒         W  / d 2 = 6.37                           ---------- (2)

Eq. (1) divided by Eq. (2), we obtain

d = 3.0 m

W = 19.99 × 3 = 1145.43 N


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