Assume that we want to make buffer by dissolving in water some amount of the compound which we selected by the table as given below;

After that adding either strong acid (for example, 6.0 M HCl) or strong base (for instant 5.0 M NaOH) to acquire to the correct pH. Determine how many moles of we selected compound we should start along with, and how many milliliters of strong acid or base you predict. We need to add.

Ans:

• For carbonic acid, begin with 10.0 mmol of carbonic acid, in that case add 3.1 mmol (= 0.62 mL) of 5.0 M NaOH to change some of the acid to its conjugate base. Then add water to 1.0 L, and this must be @ pH 6.0.
• For MES, again begin with 10.0 mmol of the acid (call that "HMES"). Then add 4.5 mmol (= 0.90 mL) of 5.0 M NaOH, and get volume to 1.0 L.