Q. Describe the rationale behind sterilization?

Rationale for sterilization: Source of potential infection that exists in dental office include hands, saliva, nasal secretion, blood, clothing & hair as well as dental instrument and equipment. Infectious microbial agents can spread by direct contact, indirect contact via a contaminated surface or material, spattering of secretions and aerolisation

Hence goal of sterilization is to reduce the dose of microorganisms that may be shared between individuals and contaminated surfaces.