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Q. Describe the Morphological Characteristics?
One of the first steps in the identification of bacteria in food is microscopic examination to ascertain the shape, size, aggregation, structure and staining reactions of the bacteria present. The following characteristics may be of special significance:
Encapsulation: The presence of capsules or slime may account for sliminess or ropiness of a food. Most capsules are polysaccharides of dextrin; dextran or levan and they serve as a source of reserve nutrients and increase the resistance of bacteria under adverse conditions.
Formation of Endospores: Bacteria of genera Bacillus, Clostridium, Sporosarcina etc have the ability to form endospores. Endospores are formed at an intracellular site and are resistant to heat, ultraviolet light and desiccation. Lysis of the vegetative cell releases the free endospore, which may remain dormant with no detectable metabolism for years. Sporulation usually appears in the late logarithmic phase of growth, possibly because of nutrient depletion or product accumulation. The acquisition of heat resistance is closely related to the formation of dipicolinic acid and the Ca2+ uptake. Germination is favoured by conditions that are favourable for growth.
Formation of Cell Aggregates: It is characteristic of some bacteria to form long chains or of others to clump under certain conditions. It is more difficult to kill all bacteria in intertwined chains or sizable clumps than to destroy separate cells.
Person Z swallowed a large amount of substance X and, as a result, has convulsions (abnormal violent contractions of skeletal muscles). Swallowing which of the following substance
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Would you expect the muscle fibers of the tongue to be striated or smooth? What about the muscle of the diaphragm/ Explain your answer.
what is nomenalistic specie concept
A common biocontrol agent for the control of plant diseases is : 1. Baculovirus 2. Bacillus thuringiensis 3. Glomus 4. Trichoderma Trichoderma
Q. What are primary indications for pharmacologic stress? The primary indications for pharmacologic stress are inability to exercise or the desire to identify viable myocardium
The main objectives of study of ecology are: (i) To study the distribution of biota local and geographical level. (ii) To study the interrelationship
In the eukaryotes, the transmit RNA genes exist as multiple copies and are transcribed by RNA polymerase III or RNA Pol III. As in prokaryotes, various tRNAs may be transcribed tog
What is the production of RNA called and what is the enzyme that catalyzes the process? The making of RNA from information included in DNA is called transcription. The enzyme t
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