Question 1:

a) What is an "Operating System"?

b) Describe the four main computer system components.

c) Describe and compare "Parallel Systems" and "Distributed Systems".

d) Give any five computer-system operations.

Question 2:

a) To ensure proper operation, the operating system and all the other programs must be protected from any malfunctioning program. Describe a mechanism which is implemented in operating systems to guarantee this protection.

b) Explain why main memory management and secondary-storage management are two separate system components management.

c) Differentiate between "Message passing" and "Shared memory". Use diagrams to illustrate your answer.

d) Describe what a virtual machine is and give some advantages and disadvantages of virtual machines.

Question 3:

a) Distinguish between "Long-Term Scheduler" and "Short-Term Scheduler".

b) Describe the benefits of "Threads".

c) Name any three types of CPU Scheduling.

Question 4:

a) Briefly describe the meaning of "Race Condition", concerning process synchronisation and how can it be prevented.

b) Distinguish between "Deadlock Prevention" and "Deadlock Avoidance".

c) Give detailed explanation about how recovery from deadlocks can be made possible.