Describe the basic mechanisms in plaque formation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Q. Describe the Basic Mechanisms in Plaque Formation?

In experimental models and human disease, the first morphologic phenomenon observed in plaque formation is adhesion of monocytes to an intact endothelial surface. This adhesion is followed by monocyte migration into the intima. In the intima, monocytes are activated, converted to macrophages, and may divide. Lipid uptake by macrophages then leads to the formation of the foam cell. Many factors act in concert to cause monocyte migration to allow the incoming monocytes to establish themselves in the intima. The endothelial surface is intact in the initial phase of coronary atherosclerosis. There is no exposure of the subendothelial connective tissue matrix and therefore no adhesion of platelets to the vessel wall. Much of the cholesterol and esters in a lipid core is released from the cytoplasm of dying foam cells. Active plaques contain numerous macrophages clustered at the edge of the core with the expression of a range of metalloproteinases that likely are engaged in the active destruction of the collagen matrix.

Smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation as well as collagen deposition are driven by growth factors produced by virtually every cell type, including smooth muscle cells themselves. The normal media is a vascular, but once intimal thickening occurs, new vessels grow in from the adventitia and reach the base of the plaque.


Related Discussions:- Describe the basic mechanisms in plaque formation

Protozoa, what is phylum protozoa

what is phylum protozoa

What are the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation, What are the benefits of c...

What are the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation ? The most substantial benefits include: 1 Improvement in exercise tolerance. 2 Improvement in symptoms. 3 Improvement in blood

Roles of abscisic acid, Roles of Abscisic Acid Abscisic acid (ABA) is ...

Roles of Abscisic Acid Abscisic acid (ABA) is a particularly interesting hormone with regard to the regulation of its own levels. Its levels rise and fall dramatically in seve

Silver point extended below canal orifice, Silver point extended below cana...

Silver point extended below canal orifice -    Ultra-sonic tip -    Microtube tape: The post removal system (PRS) Trephine bur Masserann kit - Do trimming by

Explain phylum rhodophyta, Phylum Rhodophyta (Red algae) 1) The photosy...

Phylum Rhodophyta (Red algae) 1) The photosynthetic pigments include red pigments (phycoerythrin) and blue pigment (phycocyanin) apart from chlorophyll, of which red pigment pr

Dissimmilarity between an ecosystem and a biome, What is the difference bet...

What is the difference between an ecosystem and a biome?

Three main types of trophic pyramids studied in ecology, What are the three...

What are the three main types of trophic pyramids studied in Ecology? The three kinds of trophic pyramids studied in Ecology are the numeric pyramid, the biomass pyramid and th

Explain advantages of using algae as a source of protein, Algae Advant...

Algae Advantages a) Produces proteins which have almost all the Essential Amino acids. b) Rich in tyrosine and serine, low in sulphur containing amino acids.

Describe how platelets interact to form a blood clot, Describe briefly how...

Describe briefly how platelets, fibrin and red cells interact to form a blood clot.   Platelets release a substance which, indirectly, causes fibrinogen to be changed to fi

What are the clinical warning signs of implant failure, Clinical warning si...

Clinical warning signs of implant failure The clinical signs of implant failure are: 1) Connecting Screw loosening. 2) Connecting Screw failure. 3) Gingival bleeding a

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd