Describe the basic mechanisms in plaque formation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Q. Describe the Basic Mechanisms in Plaque Formation?

In experimental models and human disease, the first morphologic phenomenon observed in plaque formation is adhesion of monocytes to an intact endothelial surface. This adhesion is followed by monocyte migration into the intima. In the intima, monocytes are activated, converted to macrophages, and may divide. Lipid uptake by macrophages then leads to the formation of the foam cell. Many factors act in concert to cause monocyte migration to allow the incoming monocytes to establish themselves in the intima. The endothelial surface is intact in the initial phase of coronary atherosclerosis. There is no exposure of the subendothelial connective tissue matrix and therefore no adhesion of platelets to the vessel wall. Much of the cholesterol and esters in a lipid core is released from the cytoplasm of dying foam cells. Active plaques contain numerous macrophages clustered at the edge of the core with the expression of a range of metalloproteinases that likely are engaged in the active destruction of the collagen matrix.

Smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation as well as collagen deposition are driven by growth factors produced by virtually every cell type, including smooth muscle cells themselves. The normal media is a vascular, but once intimal thickening occurs, new vessels grow in from the adventitia and reach the base of the plaque.


Related Discussions:- Describe the basic mechanisms in plaque formation

What is the role of pharmacologic therapy, What is the role of pharmacologi...

What is the role of pharmacologic therapy in the treatment of peri implantitis. Pharmacological therapy for patients presenting with an ailing implant involves subgingival irri

Aortic valve repair-types of surgery in ar, Aortic Valve Repair :  ...

Aortic Valve Repair :  In, acquired AR associated with VSD and prolapse of a cusp, repair is often successful. VSD is closed and at the same time the prolapsed part of

Determine the membrane voltage of neuron b, Consider Neuron B in the frog c...

Consider Neuron B in the frog central nervous system whose plasma membrane has a previously unknown channel that is selectively conductive to a newly discovered tetravalent anion n

Dietary tips for hyperlipideinic patients, Q. Dietary tips for hyperlipidei...

Q. Dietary tips for hyperlipideinic patients? It is important to note here that the dietary modifications need to be individual in each patient and these should be tailored lo

What is punnett squares in genetics, What is Punnett Squares in genetics? ...

What is Punnett Squares in genetics? The probability, or likelihood, that a certain phenotypic or genotypic trait will appear in offspring can be predicted and diagrammed using

Do plants present only sexual reproduction, Q. Do plants present only sexua...

Q. Do plants present only sexual reproduction? There are asexual forms of reproduction in plants few naturally detached pieces of root, leaves or limbs develop into another com

What is the estimated percentage of water in the human body, Q. What is the...

Q. What is the estimated percentage (in mass) of water in the human body? Is this percentage expected to be larger in the adult or in the old individual? Approximately 65% of t

Explain fetal development, Explain Fetal Development? The medical profe...

Explain Fetal Development? The medical profession divides pregnancy into three-month stages called trimesters. At the end of the first trimester, the fetus is only about 5 cm l

Hyperthyroidism (graves disease), Hyperthyroidism (Graves Disease): Gr...

Hyperthyroidism (Graves Disease): Graves diseases is  the most common cause of hyperthyroidism  in  children and is usually associated with an  enlarged thyroid gland and exop

Determine the sucrose content in a sample of honey, Q. Determine the sucros...

Q. Determine the sucrose content in a sample of honey? This activity will help you to: • estimate the non-reducing sugars and total sugars in a sample of honey, • check t

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd