Describe the basic mechanisms in plaque formation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Q. Describe the Basic Mechanisms in Plaque Formation?

In experimental models and human disease, the first morphologic phenomenon observed in plaque formation is adhesion of monocytes to an intact endothelial surface. This adhesion is followed by monocyte migration into the intima. In the intima, monocytes are activated, converted to macrophages, and may divide. Lipid uptake by macrophages then leads to the formation of the foam cell. Many factors act in concert to cause monocyte migration to allow the incoming monocytes to establish themselves in the intima. The endothelial surface is intact in the initial phase of coronary atherosclerosis. There is no exposure of the subendothelial connective tissue matrix and therefore no adhesion of platelets to the vessel wall. Much of the cholesterol and esters in a lipid core is released from the cytoplasm of dying foam cells. Active plaques contain numerous macrophages clustered at the edge of the core with the expression of a range of metalloproteinases that likely are engaged in the active destruction of the collagen matrix.

Smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation as well as collagen deposition are driven by growth factors produced by virtually every cell type, including smooth muscle cells themselves. The normal media is a vascular, but once intimal thickening occurs, new vessels grow in from the adventitia and reach the base of the plaque.


Related Discussions:- Describe the basic mechanisms in plaque formation

Explain enzyme glutamate oxaloacetate, Enzyme  glutamate oxaloacetate tran...

Enzyme  glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase catalyzes  the  reaction between glutamate and oxaloacetate with the formation of a-ketoglutarate and aspartate due to transfer  of one

Explain nsp and food hydrocolloids, NSP NSP or dietary fibre is the nam...

NSP NSP or dietary fibre is the name given to a group of materials found in the cell walls of plants which gives the plant its structure and form. Food hydrocolloids Fo

ATP FORMATION, what compound is phosphorylated for ATP? what is the resulti...

what compound is phosphorylated for ATP? what is the resulting compound when ATP releases energy

Feeding on food masses, Normal 0 false false false EN-I...

Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4

Define measuring direct aerobic fitness, Define Measuring Direct Aerobic Fi...

Define Measuring Direct Aerobic Fitness (VO 2 max) For direct measurement of VO, max, the subject is asked to perform exercise for 12 to 15 minutes. A stationary bicycle or a

Objectives of psychological components, Objectives of psychological compon...

Objectives of psychological components It is essential to have objective scores, in order to identify and classify deficits in psychological components and processes. The nee

What are cells responsible for the production of antibodies, What are the c...

What are the cells responsible for the production of antibodies? The cells that make antibodies, i.e., the cells of the humoral immune system, are the B lymphocytes (B cells).

Animal food, Domesticated animals provide much of the world's meat products...

Domesticated animals provide much of the world's meat products today, but wildlife still constitutes to be an imp ortant source of food of many rural communities. The International

Explain cytological evidence, Q. Explain Cytological Evidence? Cytology...

Q. Explain Cytological Evidence? Cytology is the study of the morphology and physiology of cells. The information about the chromosome number, shape and pairing at meiosis is u

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd