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Q. Describe the Basic Mechanisms in Plaque Formation?
In experimental models and human disease, the first morphologic phenomenon observed in plaque formation is adhesion of monocytes to an intact endothelial surface. This adhesion is followed by monocyte migration into the intima. In the intima, monocytes are activated, converted to macrophages, and may divide. Lipid uptake by macrophages then leads to the formation of the foam cell. Many factors act in concert to cause monocyte migration to allow the incoming monocytes to establish themselves in the intima. The endothelial surface is intact in the initial phase of coronary atherosclerosis. There is no exposure of the subendothelial connective tissue matrix and therefore no adhesion of platelets to the vessel wall. Much of the cholesterol and esters in a lipid core is released from the cytoplasm of dying foam cells. Active plaques contain numerous macrophages clustered at the edge of the core with the expression of a range of metalloproteinases that likely are engaged in the active destruction of the collagen matrix.
Smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation as well as collagen deposition are driven by growth factors produced by virtually every cell type, including smooth muscle cells themselves. The normal media is a vascular, but once intimal thickening occurs, new vessels grow in from the adventitia and reach the base of the plaque.
Q. Define biomaterial and an implant and state? a) Biologically compatibility: an ideal implant material will elicit mainly physiological reactions within the surrounding tissu
Explain Point Mutations gene? Mutations involving single genes occur by addition, substitution, or deletion of a single base in DNA. Such mutations, called point mutations, ca
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DEMOGRAPH Y - Scientific study of vital & social statistics such as births, deaths, disease etc. of human population is called demography. It deals with - 1. Change
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What is the function of the feet in molluscs? How is the mollusc foot related to the name given to the classes of the phylum? The mollusc foot has the function of locomotion, s
CHOLINE Found in egg liver & kidney. Synthesized in body with acetyle coA. It forms acetylcholine. Deficiency causes damage to kidney.
Clonig,plasmid vectors,lambda&M13based vectors
Types of Leukemia Leukaemia may be chronic or acute and is classified into the following categories: i) Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia (ALL) This is the most comm
Q. Why is carbon dioxide concentration a limiting factor of the photosynthesis process? And When the carbon dioxide concentration is increased indefinitely is photosynthesis also i
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