Describe the basic mechanisms in plaque formation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Q. Describe the Basic Mechanisms in Plaque Formation?

In experimental models and human disease, the first morphologic phenomenon observed in plaque formation is adhesion of monocytes to an intact endothelial surface. This adhesion is followed by monocyte migration into the intima. In the intima, monocytes are activated, converted to macrophages, and may divide. Lipid uptake by macrophages then leads to the formation of the foam cell. Many factors act in concert to cause monocyte migration to allow the incoming monocytes to establish themselves in the intima. The endothelial surface is intact in the initial phase of coronary atherosclerosis. There is no exposure of the subendothelial connective tissue matrix and therefore no adhesion of platelets to the vessel wall. Much of the cholesterol and esters in a lipid core is released from the cytoplasm of dying foam cells. Active plaques contain numerous macrophages clustered at the edge of the core with the expression of a range of metalloproteinases that likely are engaged in the active destruction of the collagen matrix.

Smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation as well as collagen deposition are driven by growth factors produced by virtually every cell type, including smooth muscle cells themselves. The normal media is a vascular, but once intimal thickening occurs, new vessels grow in from the adventitia and reach the base of the plaque.


Related Discussions:- Describe the basic mechanisms in plaque formation

Cell theory to be developed after microscopes, Why did it take 150 years fo...

Why did it take 150 years for the cell theory to be developed after microscopes were invented? Information about cells could not be understood and organized into a central theo

Formation of identical twins and fraternal twins, Describe the events whic...

Describe the events which lead to the formation of (a) identical twins, (b) fraternal twins.   (a) Identical twins are derived from the products of a one zygote which separa

Food web - ecosystem, Food Web - Ecosystem A plant may serve as a food...

Food Web - Ecosystem A plant may serve as a food source for many herbivores simultaneously, e.g. grass plants can support deer, cow, grasshopper or rabbit. Similarly a herbivo

How do calcium ions participate in muscle contraction, How do calcium ions ...

How do calcium ions participate in muscle contraction? Why do both muscle contraction and muscle relaxation spend energy? In the muscle cells calcium ions are kept within the s

Vasa gene, Vasa are a maternal-effect gene whose product functions in devel...

Vasa are a maternal-effect gene whose product functions in development of the posterior end of the Drosophila embryo.  runt is a non-maternal-effect gene whose product functions in

What is streatorrhoea, Q. What is Streatorrhoea? Streatorrhoea is more ...

Q. What is Streatorrhoea? Streatorrhoea is more common in Crohn's disease due to heal resection. This may favour calcium-fatty acid complex formation and increased excretion. I

Hydropower, Energy from water or hydropower            Hydroelectrici...

Energy from water or hydropower            Hydroelectricity is the energy produce from the kinetic energy of water falling from height. Approximately 25% of world electricity

Infectious and inflammatory conditions for lymphatic system, Q. Why in infe...

Q. Why in infectious and inflammatory conditions may clinical signs related to the lymphatic system occur? The lymph nodes or lymph glands have lymphoid tissue that produces ly

Bubble oxygenators type of oxygenators , Bubble Oxygenators: These ha...

Bubble Oxygenators: These have a mixing chamber where venous blood is collected and from the bottom end micro bubbles of oxygen are passed and as they rise to the top, gas ex

Zoonoses disease-classification modes of transmission, Classification acco...

Classification according to the modes of transmission 1.  Direct zoonoses: The direct zoonoses are those zoonoses that are transmitted from an infected vertebrate host to a

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd