Describe the basic mechanisms in plaque formation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Q. Describe the Basic Mechanisms in Plaque Formation?

In experimental models and human disease, the first morphologic phenomenon observed in plaque formation is adhesion of monocytes to an intact endothelial surface. This adhesion is followed by monocyte migration into the intima. In the intima, monocytes are activated, converted to macrophages, and may divide. Lipid uptake by macrophages then leads to the formation of the foam cell. Many factors act in concert to cause monocyte migration to allow the incoming monocytes to establish themselves in the intima. The endothelial surface is intact in the initial phase of coronary atherosclerosis. There is no exposure of the subendothelial connective tissue matrix and therefore no adhesion of platelets to the vessel wall. Much of the cholesterol and esters in a lipid core is released from the cytoplasm of dying foam cells. Active plaques contain numerous macrophages clustered at the edge of the core with the expression of a range of metalloproteinases that likely are engaged in the active destruction of the collagen matrix.

Smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation as well as collagen deposition are driven by growth factors produced by virtually every cell type, including smooth muscle cells themselves. The normal media is a vascular, but once intimal thickening occurs, new vessels grow in from the adventitia and reach the base of the plaque.


Related Discussions:- Describe the basic mechanisms in plaque formation

Functions of the cartilages in the human body, Q. What are a few functions ...

Q. What are a few functions of the cartilages in the human body? Cartilages are responsible for the structural support of the ears and nose. The bronchi and the trachea are als

How artificial sweeteners are available as sugar substitute, How the artifi...

How the artificial sweeteners are available as sugar substitute? Some of these are available as tablets, as sugar substitute and others appear as ingredients in many food produ

What does boiling do to an enzyme, What does boiling do to an enzyme? Enz...

What does boiling do to an enzyme? Enzymes are denatured (their shape is changed so it doesn't work) when boiled.

Difference between that is alive, Is there a difference between something t...

Is there a difference between something that is alive and something that is a living organism?

What are some factors that can lead to protein denaturation, What are some ...

What are some factors that can lead to protein denaturation? Protein denaturation can be caused by temperature variation, pH change, alters in the concentration of surrounding

Contraceptive methods, Contraceptive methods The safe and easy methods ...

Contraceptive methods The safe and easy methods to prevent pregnancy are called contraceptive methods. i) Contraceptive methods followed by females are : 1) Use of harmon

Homologous and heterologous portions human sex chromosomes, What are the ho...

What are the homologous and the heterologous portions of the human sex chromosomes? The Homologous portion is that in which there are genes having alleles in both X and Y sex c

Describe the ideal primary stability, Less than ideal Primary Stability ...

Less than ideal Primary Stability Faulty osteotomy (a bigger osteotomy than required for the selected diameter of implant) can result when excessive force is used to disengage

What is digestion, What is digestion? Digestion is the breaking down of...

What is digestion? Digestion is the breaking down of larger organic molecules obtained from the diet, e.g. carbohydrates, fats, proteins, into smaller ones, as glucose, fatty a

Aids, how get a aids

how get a aids

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd