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Describe the algorithm for updating indices for a single level index when a record is
(i) Inserted (ii) deleted
What will be the modification if there are multilevel indices?
Ans: Inserted: The time it acquires to insert a new data item. This value involves the time it takes to find out the correct place to insert the new data item, also the time it takes to update the index structure.
Deleted: The time it receives to delete a data item. This value involves the time it takes to find the item to be deleted, also the time it takes to update the index structure.
Question: (a) What are the challenges in the development of Large Scale Distributed Real Systems? (b) What is backward engineering and forward engineering in a design packa
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Define Physical and Logical independence Ans: Physical data independence: The ability to modify physical level without causing application program to be rewritten. Logic
Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE
Partial Key : It is a group of attributes that can uniquely identify small entities and that are related to same base entity. It is sometime named as Discriminator. Altern
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