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Describe the algorithm for updating indices for a single level index when a record is
(i) Inserted (ii) deleted
What will be the modification if there are multilevel indices?
Ans: Inserted: The time it acquires to insert a new data item. This value involves the time it takes to find out the correct place to insert the new data item, also the time it takes to update the index structure.
Deleted: The time it receives to delete a data item. This value involves the time it takes to find the item to be deleted, also the time it takes to update the index structure.
What is meant by normalization of data? It is a process of examining the given relation schemas based on their Functional Dependencies (FDs) and primary key to achieve the prop
Explain the disadvantages of a file processing system? Ans: Disadvantages of File Processing Systems include: 1) Data Redundancy 2) Data Inconsistency 3) Difficult to acce
What is meant by heuristic optimisation? Discuss the main heuristics that are applied during query optimisation. Ans: In heuristic optimization, heuristics are employed to r
Define upgrade and downgrade? It gives a mechanism for conversion from shared lock to exclusive lock is called as upgrade. It gives a mechanism for conversion from exclusive
Types Of Indexes One of the words used during the file organisation is the term index. In this part, let us describe this term in more detail. We find the index of keywords
I just purchased a document for you guys and wanted to confirm that it will be send within an hour or 2 to my email or where will document be sent to?
It can be easily defined as: The database must not have any unmatched foreign key values. The term "unmatched foreign key value" means a foreign key value for which there doe
average response time?
Indexed (Indexed Sequential) File Organisation It organises the file like a big dictionary, i.e., records are kept in order of the key but an index is stored which also allows
What is known as a search key? An attribute or set of attributes used to look up records in a file is known as a search key.
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