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Describe logical data independence ?
Logical Data Independence - It is the capacity to modify the conceptual schema without having to change external schemas or application programs. The conceptual schema might be changed to expand the database (through adding a record type or data item), to change constraints, or to decrease the database (by removing a record type or data item). Only the view definition and the mappings required are changed in a DBMS that supports logical data independence. Changes to constraints could be applied to the conceptual schema without moving the external schemas or application programs.
The H. I. Topi School of Business operates international business programs in 10 locations throughout Europe. The school had its first class of graduates in 1965. The school keep
Explain the conventions for displaying an ER schema as an ER diagram? An E-R Diagram scheme might describe certain constraints to that the contents of a database must conform.
List some instances of collection types? a) sets b) arrays c) multisets
What is the role of ORDER By Clause? ORDER BY clause: The ORDER BY clause permits you to sort the records in your result set. The ORDER BY clause can just be used in select s
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what do you mean by consistency in rdbms?
Winfield is a small city with a population of 22,000 with buses serves three routes in Winfield and neighboring areas. As the city’s IT director, you have been asked to set up an i
Find the names of all Albums that have more than 30 tracks. Result: (name: varchar(255))
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