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Describe logical data independence ?
Logical Data Independence - It is the capacity to modify the conceptual schema without having to change external schemas or application programs. The conceptual schema might be changed to expand the database (through adding a record type or data item), to change constraints, or to decrease the database (by removing a record type or data item). Only the view definition and the mappings required are changed in a DBMS that supports logical data independence. Changes to constraints could be applied to the conceptual schema without moving the external schemas or application programs.
Define Direct file organization? The direct file organization is employed to enhance the performance in accessing the records than sequential file organization. In direct file
Three Level Architecture of DBMS or Logical DBMS Architecture The logical architecture defines how data in the database is perceived by users. It is not deals with how the da
The figure below depicts the conceptual diagram of a banking system. (a) Describe one example relevant to the system in figure, for each of the 4 types of enterprise appl
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Write short notes on extension and intension? In any data model, it is significant to distinguish among the description of the database and the database itself the description
1. Based on the dependency diagram, create a database whose tables are in at least 2NF, showing the dependency diagram for each table (as shown in class). Label the types of depe
What is Normalization? Database normalization is a data design and organization method applied to data structures based on rules that help building relational databases. In rel
Create a Student database and Retrieve the names of all students majoring in ‘CS' Consider the following relational database: STUDENT (name, student#, class, major) COURSE (co
What is recursion? Is it possible for a stored procedure to call itself or recursive stored procedure? How many levels of SP nesting is possible? Recursion is method of proble
Ask q“A database will be made to store information about patients in a hospital. On arrival, each patient’s personal details (name, address, and telephone number) are recorded wher
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