Describe basic fourier theory, Engineering Mathematics

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An experiment conducted over time T necessarily produces a windowed view of the phenomenon generating the data. It is a useful strategy to regard the windowed data as one period of a periodic function. Then one may write

979_Basic Fourier Theory.png

and seek to calculate the Fourier coefficients cn from the integral expression

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Large values of cn will be regarded as a quantitative indication of a genuine periodic change in the phenomenon under study. In digital form the relevant equations are

 

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The time interval [0,T] has been marked out in equal steps T/N, and frequency fn = n/T has been replaced by the dimensionless quantity n/N.


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