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Consider a database whose universe is a finite set of vertices V and whose unique relation .E is binary and encodes the edges of an undirected (resp., directed) graph G: (V, E). Each undirected edge between the nodes o and u (resp., directed edge from the node v to the node u) is encoded by the two atoms E (v, u) and E (u, v) (resp., by the single atom E (v, u)).
Consider the pairs of stucture (undirected (resp., directed) graphs) shown in Fig. 1. Suppose that the graphs are encoded in a database as explained above. For each pair, answer the following questions:
1. What is the smallest quantifier rank k for which the spoiler wins the k-move Ehrenfeucht-Fraisse game on the pair of structure?
2. Derive a Boolean first-order query from your winning strategy that is true on one structure but not on the other (you can use the equality relation between vertices).
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how do you solve a homogeneous ode that''s not in a multiplication or division form
State the following statement as a disjunction (in DNF) as well using quantifiers: There does not exit a woman who has taken a flight on each airline in the world.
3.6 in a fraction
Utilizes the definition of the limit to prove the given limit. Solution Let M > 0 be any number and we'll have to choose a δ > 0 so that, 1/ x 2 > M
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carlie is now fivetimes as old as henry. in nine years her age will be twice henry''s age then. how old is carly now
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