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Delimiters
A delimiter is a simple or compound symbol which has a special meaning to PL/SQL. For example, you use delimiters to symbolize an arithmetic operation like addition and subtraction. The Simple symbols consist of one character. A list is as shown below:
Compound symbols consist of two characters. A list follows:
Pass the nulls to a dynamic SQL: Passing Nulls: Assume that you want to pass the nulls to a dynamic SQL statement. For illustration, you may write the EXECUTE IMMEDIATE
Selecting Objects: Suppose that you have run the SQL*Plus script below that creates object type Person and object table persons, and that you have settled the table: CREATE
Special cases of projection This section describes the identity projection, r {ALL BUT}, and the projection on no attributes, r { }, which yields TABLE_DUM when r is empty, ot
Extension and AND in SQL The theory book gives the following simple example of relational extension in Tutorial D: EXTEND IS_CALLED ADD ( FirstLetter ( Name ) AS Initial )
Example of Check Constraints Example: Workaround for when subqueries not permitted in CHECK constraints CREATE FUNCTION NO_MORE_THAN_20000_ENROLMENTS ( ) RETURNS BOOLEAN
Query: SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE1; Select 5 columns and all rows from one table Query: SELECT C_ID, COMPANY, BUILDING, DEPARTMENT, BRANCH FROM CONTRACT;
Identifiers You use identifiers to name the PL/SQL program items and units that include constants, variables, cursors, exceptions, cursor variables, subprograms, and packages.
Wrapping and unwrapping in SQL Operators WRAP and UNWRAP in connection with attributes whose declared types are tuple types. Example shows how extension and projection can be
INSERT Command in SQL Loosely speaking, INSERT takes the rows of a given source table and adds them to the specified target table, retaining all the existing rows in the targ
Multiset types - SQL An SQL multiset is what in mathematics is also known as a bag-something like a set except that the same element can appear more than once. The body of an
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