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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
How nulls are treated in comparison operator? Along with comparison (relational) operators, the null values are ignored as we cannot derive the relation along with the given op
Task Part A. Create an ERD from a business problem. (50 marks) Read the following problem and complete the tasks listed below. THE ABS Blood Bank Australian Blood Services (ABS) i
Explain the term- signal-to-noise ratio A signal-to-noise ratio of 20 dB means that S/N = 100. As log2101 is around 6.658, the Shannon limit is around 19.975 kbps. The Nyquist
Cardinality shows the number of instances of an entity associated with another entity participating in a relationship. Depend on the cardinality binary relationship can be further
Suppose R is a relation with attributes A1, A2,..., An. As a function of n, tell how many superkeys R has, if: 1.1 The only key is A1. 1.2 The only key is A1 and A2. 1.3 The o
Relational and E-R Model There are three types of constraints on relational database that have: DOMAIN CONSTRAINT PRIMARY KEY CONSTRAINT INTEGRITY CONSTRAINT
What are the two approaches to store relations in distributed database? a) Replication b) Fragmentation
Explain Relational model and their use in DBMS? Relational Model - The relational model was first introduced through E.F. Codd of the IBM Research in the year of 1970. The mode
Define Specialisation and generalization in brief? Specialisation / generalization: Generalization or Specialization represents the is a relationship set, an necessary element
Write short notes on relational model The relational model uses a collection of tables to show both data and the relationships between those data. The relational model is an ex
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