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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
Define Hash files organization a. Hashing includes computing the address of a data item by calculating a function on the search key value. b. A hash function h is a functi
Before defines the second type of integrity constraint, viz., Entity Integrity, we should be well-known with the concept of NULL. Mostly, NULL is intended as a basis for dealing
What is Object Oriented model? This model is based on collection of objects. An object has values stored in instance variables with in the object. An object also having bodies
What is a transaction ? The Transaction is a unit of data processing. For instance, many of the transactions at a bank may be withdrawal or deposit of money; transfer of money f
What is a cascading update? Referential integrity constraints needs that foreign key values in one table correspond to primary key values in another. If the value of the primar
What is disadvantage of multiple inheritances? There is potential ambiguity if the similar variable or method can be inherited from more than one superclass.eg: student class m
You are managing the following database system: • DBMS: Oracle 11g • OS: Sun Solaris • System architecture: Web-based application using ASP.Net • Purpose of Server: HR managem
Heap files (unordered file) Mostly these files are unordered files. It is the easiest and most basic type. These files having of randomly ordered records. The records will have
Drawbacks of Data Distribution: The primary drawbacks of distributed database systems are the added complexity needed to ensure proper coordination between the sites. This increas
Advantages and disadvantages of icloud based storage
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