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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
List some security violations (or) name any forms of malicious access. A) Unauthorized reading of data B) Unauthorized modification of data C) Unauthorized destruction of
Define Partial Key and Primary Key A partial key, also known as discriminator, is the set of attributes which can uniquely identify weak entities that are related to similar o
A video rental company has several branches. The data held on each branch is the branch address made up of street, city, state, and zip code, and the telephone number. Ea
Define single valued and multivalued attributes. Single valued attributes: attributes with a single value for a particular entity are known as single valued attributes. M
For Colorado customers calculate the number of single products ordered. If a product is purchased on multiple orders, it should be counted only single time. The result should conta
List the drawbacks of relational database system A) Repetition of data B) Inability to s certain information.
In Database software have only pure security or some dis secured by administrator?
Define Hash files organization a. Hashing includes computing the address of a data item by calculating a function on the search key value. b. A hash function h is a functi
What are the costs to be considered when a transaction has to be rolled back when recovering from deadlock? Ans: A few transaction will must rolled back (made a victim)
What is the difference among a database schema and a database state? The collection of information stored in database at particular moment in time is known as database state a
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