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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
Define shadow paging. An alternative to log-based crash recovery method is shadow paging. This technique requires fewer disk accesses than do the log-based methods.
Explain the Deferred Update The deferred update methods do not physically update the database on disk till after a transaction reaches its commit point; after that the updates
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Using your cache simulator and using smalltex.din as your memory trace determine the total miss rate, compulsory miss rate, capacity miss rate, and conflict miss rate for the follo
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Define the terms entity, attribute, role and relationship between the entities, giving examples for each of them. Ans: Entity: An entity is a "thing" or "object" in th
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Code an Oracle Database trigger to enforce the constraint that an employee can never change his or her department.
what are the topics in data management
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