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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
An example of a weak entity is Staff because the availabilityID cannot be uniquely identified unless it is used in conjunction with the foreign key known as availabilityID in the A
differences between a classified catalog and a dictionary catalog
Which method of access uses key transformation? A Hash method of access uses key transformation.
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Consider an information system designed for an online company which provides IT products and services. These include desktops, laptops, networking products, IT books, parts, and te
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