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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
Explain Recursive relationship type? Recursive relationship type: A recursive relationship is one in that the similar entity participates more than once in the relationship
Explain data dictonary on oracle ? Data Dictionary - Data dictionaries are the system tables in which contain descriptions of the database objects and how they are structured.
Define a view and a trigger. Construct a view for the above relations that have the information about suppliers and the elements they supply. The view holds the S#, SNAME, P# , PNA
How does the two phase protocol ensure serializability in database schedules? Ans: A transaction is termed to follow the two-phase locking protocol if all locking operations
What is known as a search key? An attribute or set of attributes used to look up records in a file is known as a search key.
What is equi join? Equi Join - It generates all the combinations of tuples from two relations which satisfy a join condition along with only equality comparison (=).
Timestamps For Read operations: If TS (T) If TS (T) >= W-timestamp (Q), then the transaction T is trying to read a value of data item Q which has been written and committed
Types of Locks There are two necessary types of locks: Binary lock : This locking mechanism has two states for to a data item: locked or unlocked Multiple-mode loc
Define a property that is not a property of transactions? Ans: Concurrency is not a property of transactions
What is hash file organization? What are the causes of bucket overflow within a hash file organization? What can be completed to decrease the occurrence of bucket overflow?
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