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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
3NF Normal Form A relation schema R is in 3NF if it is in 2NF and for each FD X A either of the following is true X is a Super-key of R. A is a prime attribute of R
What is the difference between a key and a superkey? Key - A key a single attribute or a combination of two or more attributes of an entity set which is used to identify one
what is meant semantic query optimization? how does it differ from other query optimization techniques?
Attribute Preservation This is a easy and obvious necessity that includes preserving all the attributes that were there in the relation that is being decomposed.
what does glory be mean
What are the drawbacks of shadow-paging technique? The drawbacks of shadow paging is:- a) Commit Overhead b) Data fragmentation c) Garbage collection
What is called mirroring? The simplest approach to introducing redundancy is to duplicate each disk. This method is called mirroring or shadowing.
#questiononsider the following relation: CAR_SALE =(CAR_ID,oPTION_TYPE, Option_listpreice, Sale_date, Option_discountedprice)..
What is self-transition? If there is a transition which goes back to same state, it is known as "self- transition." With a trigger action exit action would be executed f
What are the benefits of document scanning? Document scanning, in addition to being cost-efficient, also enhances productivity. This service enhances security as you set the pa
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