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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
Consider the relation schemas as follows. works (person name, company name, salary); lives (person name, street, city); located in(company name, city); managers (person name
The users who use easy-to-use menu are called ? The users who use easy to use menu are called as Naïve users.
Consider the relations given below Borrower (id_no, name) Book (accno., title, author, borrower_idno) (a) Define the above relations as tables in SQL forming real world assumptio
Explain the difference between the three storage types - volatile, non volatile and stable. Ans: Volatile storage: if storage media loses data while power goes off,
What is B-Tree? A B-tree eliminates the redundant storage of search-key values .It permits search key values to appear only once.
Speedup Query Processing: A query that includes data at various sites can be split into sub-queries. These sub- queries can be implemented in parallel by various sites. Such parall
Although, the essential features of E-R diagrams are enough to design many database situations. Though, with more difficult relations and advanced database applications, it is need
For every n-ary relationship type R where n>2, we make a new table S to represent R. We contain as foreign key attributes in s the primary keys of the relations that show the parti
Define null values. In some cases a certain entity may not have an applicable value for an attribute or if we do not know the value of an attribute for a certain entity. In the
Define Cascading rollback The phenomenon where a single transaction failure leads to a series of transaction rollbacks is known as Cascading rollback.
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