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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
What are the Objectives of Advance object design After this unit, you shall be able to: combine three OOAD models to obtain operations on the classes; develop algo
Vertical Fragmentation- Vertical fragmentation groups together only those attributes in a relation that are used jointly by various important transactions. A vertical fragment is d
A collection of a same kind of entities is known as an Entity Set or entity type. Example: For the COLLEGE database defines earlier objects of concern are Students, Faculty,
Create Student DB and execute Insert query? STUDENT (name, student#, class, major) COURSE (course name, course#, credit hours, department) SECTION (section identifier, course
Explain Instance and schemas? Instances and schemas: Databases changes over time as the information is deleted and inserted. The collection of information stored in database
Two-way Associations Mostly, associations are travel in both directions, although not usually with same frequency. There are three approaches for the implementation. In
List the steps for converting state diagram to the code. a) Finding major control path b) Finding the conditional statements c) Finding the loops d) Finding error ro
It defines that the tuple in one relation that refers to another relation must refer to an existing tuple in that relation. This constraint is states on two relations (not essentia
what is specialization?
Multilevel Index The Multilevel Index is a modification of the secondary level index system. In this system we might be use even more number of levels in case the table is eve
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