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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
Explain nested relations? Nested relations The assumption of INF is a natural one in the bank examples we have considered. However, not all applications are best modelled
Discuss The difference between drop table R and delete from R. DROP TABLE command deletes all the records with the table definition. This command will automatically committed
Need for Multiple Access Paths In practice, most of the online information systems need the support of multi-key files. For example, consider a banking database application hav
#questiontypes of keys examples..
Describe the candidate key functions ? Candidate Key and Alternate Key: In some instances, an entity will have more than one attribute which can serve as a primary key. Any key
Define Hash files organization a. Hashing includes computing the address of a data item by calculating a function on the search key value. b. A hash function h is a functi
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Define the terms 1) physical schema 2) logical schema. Physical schema: The physical schema explains the database design at the physical level, which is the lowest lev
Mention the purpose of SID and SOD lines SID (Serial input data line): It is an input line by which the microprocessor accepts serial data. SOD (Serial output data line)
You are required to design and build a data mart/data warehouse using Oracle. A national bank allocates funding every year for its local branches to provide temporary staff cove
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