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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
(a) What is a Sub-Query? (b) What is the difference between a scalar sub-query and a tabular sub-query? (c) Write an equivalent SQL statement to get the Name of Product wh
File Organisation And Its Types Just as arrays, trees, lists and other data structures are used to execute data Organisation in main memory, a number of planning's are used to
Benefits of Sequential File Organisation It is quick and efficient when dealing with huge volumes of data that require being processed periodically (batch system). Dra
Spanned and unspanned organisation? Spanned and unspanned organization: If records are not permited to cross block boundaries then the organisation is called unspanned record
Where does view definition stored? A view definition is permanently stored as part of the database.
List some instances of collection types? a) sets b) arrays c) multisets
find a name whose address is erode from student table
What is a foreign key, and what is it used for? A foreign key is used to establish relationships between relations in the relational model. Technically, a foreign key is a colu
UNION If R1 and R2 are two union compatible relations then R3 = R1 ∪ R2 is the relation having tuples that are either in R1 or in R2 or in both. In case, R3 will have tuples
Probelm: (a) A distributed database (DDB) is a collection of multiple, logically interrelated databases which are physically distributed over a computer network" (i) Give a
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