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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
Creating views with check option : This option limits those updates of data values that cause records to go off the view. The following instance tells this in more detail: Examp
Problem 1. Describe the following a) Advantages of Database Systems b) Functions of a DBMS Explanation of part (a) and (b) 2. Explain the following concepts w
It defines that no primary key value can be null. This is as the primary key is used to recognize individual tuple in the relation. So we will not be able to recognize the records
Design an algorithm to implement operations Each and every operation specified in the functional model could be formulated as an algorithm. The algorithm indicates how operat
PART MARKING: For this section, we will use part marking. This means we will supply model answers to all questions but we will only mark six questions. We will choose these randoml
1. Identify the comparisons and exchanges made to sort the following array using the selection exchange sort technique. Note: you may not need all columns. Ori
what do you mean by consistency in rdbms?
1. Define and discuss Work Breakdown Structure, Critical Path Analysis, PERT charts and GANTT charts. Describe the role of each in determining scope, budgets, and schedules? What
Describe queries with complex types? The present extension of the SQL query language deal with the complex type Let us start with the simple example: Find the title and t
What are the different integrity constraints in RDBMS? The various integrity constraints in RDBMS are as: Primary Key: primary key is a grouping of one or more attributes
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