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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
Differentiate sub-class and super-class? The specialization of a class is known as subclasses.eg: employee is a subclass of person and teller is a subclass of employee. Convers
Define shadow paging. An alternative to log-based crash recovery method is shadow paging. This technique requires fewer disk accesses than do the log-based methods.
Explain the concept of generalization and aggregation in E_R diagrams. Give one example for each one of them? Generalization: Consider extending the entity set account throug
What is a block and a block number? A block is a contiguous sequence of sectors from a single track of one platter. Every request specifies the address on the disk to be refere
What is the difference between a key and a superkey? Key - A key a single attribute or a combination of two or more attributes of an entity set which is used to identify one
To delete a particular column in a relation which command is used ? To delete a particular column in a relation ALTER command is used.
It is not possible to make an ABAP/4 program, which having only Subroutines. False. We can make ABAP/4 program, which having only Subroutines.
Question 1 Indexes are ocasionally defines on a single field of a file called an indexing field. List and describe the different types of indexes Question 2 Consider a book i
Show, with the help of an example, that relatively high-level transitions result when system or program is stimulated by the outside events. In diagram below, we can observe i
Explain the integrity constraints: Not Null, Unique, Primary Key with an example each. Is the combination 'Not Null, Primary Key' a valid combination. Justify. Not Null - Shou
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