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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
Improved performance: As the data is located near the site of its demand, and given the inherent parallelism because of multiple copies, speed of database access may be good for di
Failures and Recovery In practice various things might occur to prevent a transaction from completing. Recovery methods are used to bring database, which does not satisfy consi
Why DML is used for? DML is used to Manipulation and processing of database. DML is provided for manipulation & processing of database. (Data stored in the database is processed
I need help for my Uni assignments
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Process of normalization is the integral part of designing a database. Justify this statement with suitable database design
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