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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
Differentiate between Key and superkey? Key and superkey - A key a single attribute or a combination of two or more attributes of an entity set in which is used to identify o
Explain controlled redundancy? Controlled redundancy : The replication of data within the data warehouse for the purposes of improved data access or understand ability.
Improved availability: The data in a distributed system may be replicated so that it is at more than one site. Thus, the failure of a node or a communication link does not necessar
Describe the shadow paging technique.
The physical location of a record is determined by which mathematical formula that transforms a file key into a record location? The physical location of a record is determined
Create 1 experiment to demonstrate an aspect of query optimisation by using access-path structures (indexes), decomposition, or denormalisation. Once satisfied with your experiment
Explain the concept of generalization and aggregation in E_R diagrams. Give one example for each one of them? Generalization: Consider extending the entity set account throug
What are the situations while DBMS should not be used? DBMS should not be used in situations like: (i) No need of security. (ii) Not difficulty to access the data (iii) N
What is Multivalued Attribute? Multivalued Attribute - Multivalued attribute might have more than one value for an entity. For instance, PreviousDegrees of a STUDENT.
The primary key is selected from the
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