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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
Define Query by Example QBE is a query language relies upon domain calculus and has two dimensional syntax. The queries are written in the horizontal and vertical dimensions of
Which operation is used if we are interested in only certain columns of a table? PROJECTION operation is used if we are interested in only certain columns of a table.
Dirty Reads: T10 reads a value which is updated by T9. This update has not been committed and T9 aborts. T9 T10 Value of x old value = 200
List two restrictions that are applied on the modification (updation, insertion or deletion) of base tables through view. Ans: The two restrictions are: 1. If a view
State the terms Designing the database and Normalization Designing the database: Out of the ERD we have formed, it is very easy to verify the tables, the attributes which the
What is meant by data-transfer rate? The data-transfer rate is the rate at which data can be retrieved from or kept to the disk.
lock and types of lock
What are the properties of transaction? There are three properties of transactions :- A) Atomicity B) Consistency C) Isolation
define locking in simple language and decribed it
After the completion of the logical model the physical model is to be made. The oracle 10 G will be used as a database server and all the tables with their column are created and i
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