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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
Hardware failure : Hardware failures are the failures when some disk or hardware chip fails. This may result in loss of data. One such trouble can be that a disk gets damaged and
What is a primary index? A primary index is an index whose search key also explains the sequential order of the file.
CAR SALE (Car_id, Option_type, Option_listprice, Sale_date, Option_discountedprice) This relation refers to options installed in cars (e.g., cruise control) that were sold at a de
What are the benefits of decomposing a system? The benefits of decomposing a system into subsystems are that after decomposition, each individual component become smaller and e
Gyan Gurukul is a software company that provides software related solution. Ashutosh Dubey who is the director of Gyan Gurukul want a three-level schema architecture for the Gyan G
Explain the functions of data manager? Functions of Data Manager : - Convert operations in user's queries coming directly through query processor or indirectly in an applicatio
A buyer for a large department store chain must place orders with an athletic shoe manufacturer six months prior to the time the shoes will be sold in the department stores. In par
What is Information System?
Lost Updates : Suppose the two transactions T3 and T4 run simultaneously and they happen to be interleaved in the following way (suppose the initial value of X as 10000):
What is association? Give an example of association Association is used for establishing relationships among classes. Association describe links among/between classes. For exa
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