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Define Timestamp ordering
Ans In timestamp-based method, a serial order is made among the concurrent transaction by assigning to every transaction a unique nondecreasing number. The common value assigned to each transaction is the system clock value at the beginning of the transaction, therefore the name timestamp ordering. This value then can be employed in deciding the order in which the conflict between two transactions is resolved. A transaction along with a smaller timestamp value is considered to be an "older" transaction as compared to another transaction with a larger timestamp value.
Which two files are used during operation of the DBMS? Data dictionary and transaction log are two files used during operation of the DBMS.
Define seek time. The time for repositioning the arm is known as the seek time and it enhances with the distance that the arm is known as the seek time.
Define an abstraction by which relationships are treated as higher level entities Ans: Aggregation. It is an abstraction by which relationships are treated as higher level
Describe the host language? Host Language: You could write applications along with SQL statements embedded inside a host language. The SQL statements give the database inter
What is a relationship called when it is maintained between two entities? A relationship is called Binary relationship when it is maintained between two entities.
How can one distinguish among different kinds of parameters? Input parameters are used to pass data to subroutines. Output parameters are used to pass data from subrout
Foreign Keys and NULL Let us take the relation: DEPT DEPT ID DNAME BUDGET D1 M
Express the subsequent query in SQL assumes which the data is stored within EMPLOYEE table with relevant fields (i) Display name, job, salary, and hire date of employee who are
For every n-ary relationship type R where n>2, we make a new table S to represent R. We contain as foreign key attributes in s the primary keys of the relations that show the parti
A video rental company has several branches. The data held on each branch is the branch address made up of street, city, state, and zip code, and the telephone number. Ea
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