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Define Thomas write rule
Thomas' write rule: The Thomas' write rule is a modification of timestamp-ordering protocol for concurrency control. Assume that transaction Ti issues write (Q) and TS (Ti) is its timestamp after that the subsequent actions are taken depending on TS(T ) and the read-write timestamps of the data item Q:
Prove that a relation which is 4NF must be BCNF. Ans Let R be in 4NF. Suppose it is not in BCNF. Hence, there exists an FD X→Y in R such that x is not a super key. Although
explain various steps uses in evaluation and maintenance of MIS.
Question: (a) List four disadvantages of the File Processing System as compared to the Database Systems. (b) The integrity of a database is enforced by integrity rules. One
What are the various properties of Relational tables? Relational tables have 6 properties: 1. Each row is unique. 2. Column values are of the same kind. 3. Values are
Explain Data Sublangauges ? Data sublanguage: In relational database theory, the term sublanguage, first used for this purpose through E. F. Codd in the year of 1970, refers t
Question: (a) Define the term e-Government and briefly explain, using appropriate examples, the aspects it covers. (b) Give four reasons as to why a country should adopt e
Determine the language that needs a user to specify the data to be retrieved with no specifying exactly how to get it is Ans: Non-Procedural DML
Explain Dynamic Two-Phase Locking Here a transaction locks a data item instantly earlier than any operation is applied on the data item. After finishing all the operations on
Mixed fragmentation: Sometimes, horizontal fragmentation or vertical fragmentation of a database schema by itself is insufficient to sufficiently distribute the data for some appli
Analyzing Association Traversal Association Traversal shall be understood properly for the association design explanation. Analyzing association traversal means analyzing tra
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