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Define the Query optimisation
The query parser commonly generates a standard initial tree to correspond to an SQL query, with no doing any optimization. Such type of a canonical query tree denotes a relational algebra expression that is extremely inefficient if executed directly. A query commonly has many possible execution strategies, and the process of choosing a appropriate one for processing a query is termed as query optimization. The major guidelines that are applied throughout query optimization are:
a. Combine a cascade of selections
b. Combine a cascade of projections
c. Commute selection and projection
d. Commuting selection with join / cartesian product Commuting projection with join or cartesian product
e. Commute projection with set operations
f. Commute selection with set operations
Adding Redundant Associations for Efficient Access The expression redundant association means using "duplicate association for proficient access". While analysis, it is not a
Database Recovery And Security Introduction In this part we will introduce two main issues relating to database management systems. A computer system suffers from dissi
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Question 1 What is data mining? Write Data Mining applications Question 2 What is OLAP? Write the benefits of OLAP Question 3 What is Business Intelligence? Explai
please describe the data base management with the easy example &give the application?
Data independence seems that "the application is independent of the access strategy and storage structure of data". In other words, the ability to change the schema definition in o
How are tables stored on Disk? We realise that every record of a table can have different amounts of data. This is due to in some records; some attribute values may be "zero".
what should be included in this???
Define tuple variable? Tuple variables are used for comparing two tuples in the same relation. The tuple variables are explained in the from clause by way of the as clause.
Create a new user : CREATE USER IDENTIFIED BY Example: //CREATE USER MCA12 IDENTIFIED BY W123 Grant: It is used to give database access permission to users. It is of
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