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Define the Immediate Update
The immediate update methods may apply changes to the database on disk before the transaction arrives a successful conclusion. Though, these changes are usually recorded in the log on disk by force writing previous to they are applied to the database, making recovery still possible.
explain exhaustively the problems associated with ER diagrams. include illustrations in your answer
Derived horizontal fragmentation: Some applications may include a join of two or more relations. If the relations are stored at dissimilar locations, there may be a major overhead
Object-oriented decompositions Object-oriented decompositions of systems better are able to cope with change. Each subsystem has a well-defined interface which communicates with
using the invoice table shown below,write the relational schema,draw a dependencies,inclunding all partial and transitive dependencies.assume that the table does not contain repeat
Define Hash files organization a. Hashing includes computing the address of a data item by calculating a function on the search key value. b. A hash function h is a functi
write on the various type of relationalkey
A Functional dependency is described by X Y between two groups of attributes Y and X that are subsets of R specifies a constraint on the possible tuple that can make a relation
About Attribute inheritance
Define the notation for classes and atrributes The notation for class, attribute, and operations are shown below: Figure: Class with attributes and operations A
Example :; transfers transfer_amount from x's account to y's account ; Supposes x&y both accounts exist TRANSACTION (x, y, transfer_amount) Start transaction IF X AND Y
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