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Define the Immediate Update
The immediate update methods may apply changes to the database on disk before the transaction arrives a successful conclusion. Though, these changes are usually recorded in the log on disk by force writing previous to they are applied to the database, making recovery still possible.
What is a data dictionary? A data dictionary is a data structure which keeps Meta data about the structure of the database i.e. the schema of the database.
The Update Operations : Update operations are used for altering database values. The constraint violations faced by this operation are logically the similar as the problem faced
The Concurrent Transactions Almost every commercial DBMS support multi-user environment. Therefore, allowing multiple transactions to proceed concurrently. The DBMS must make
WHAT IS SQL
Define the notation for classes and atrributes The notation for class, attribute, and operations are shown below: Figure: Class with attributes and operations A
Attributes having a one value for a particular entity. For instance, Age is a single valued attribute of a student entity. Attributes that have more than single values
Determine the language that needs a user to specify the data to be retrieved with no specifying exactly how to get it is Ans: Non-Procedural DML
Atomicity: It describes a transaction to be a one unit of processing. We can also say either a transaction will be finished completely or not at all. In the transaction example 1
Define Physical and Logical independence Ans: Physical data independence: The ability to modify physical level without causing application program to be rewritten. Logic
Question 1 Draw a Data Flow Diagram for a University scenario Question 2 Discuss the following with suitable examples Relational Algebra Operators Database Pla
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