Define the basic concepts behind the spectral techniques, Biology

Assignment Help:

Define the Basic Concepts behind the Spectral Techniques?

Energy is transmitted via electromagnetic waves that are characterized by their frequency and wavelength. The physical definition of wavelength is the distance that a periodic wave propagates in one period or the distance between wave crests. Analytically the term wavelength describes a posi-tion within a spectrum. Electromagnetic radiation includes radiant energy that extends from cosmic rays with wave-lengths as short as 10-9 nm up to radio waves longer than 1000 km. However, in this unit the term light is used to describe radiant energy from the visible and ultraviolet portions of the spectrum (290 to 800 nm). In addition to possessing wavelength characteristics, light also behaves as it is composed of discrete energy packets called photons. The relationship between the energy of photons and their frequency is illustrated as:

E = hν              (1)

where:

E = Energy in ergs

ν = Frequency of the light given in cycles per second

λ = Planck's constant (6.62 × 10-27 erg seconds)

The frequency of light (ν) is related to the wavelength by

ν =   c/ λ         (2)

where:

ν = Frequency of light in cycles per second

c = Speed of light in a vacuum (3 × 1010 cm/sec)

λ = Wavelength in centimeters.

By combining equations (1) and (2), the product is

E = hc/λ

This equation shows that the energy of light is inversely proportional to the wavelength. For example, ultraviolet (UV) radiation at 200 nm possesses greater energy than infrared (IR) radiation at 750 nm. The human eye responds to radiant energy with wavelengths between about 380 and 750 nm, but modern instrumentation permits measurements at both shorter wavelength (UV) and longer wavelength (IR) portions of the spectrum. Sunlight, or light emitted from a tungsten filament, is a mixture, or spectrum, of radiant energy of different wavelengths that the eye recognizes as "white."


Related Discussions:- Define the basic concepts behind the spectral techniques

What are holandric genes, What are holandric genes? Holandric genes are...

What are holandric genes? Holandric genes are genes situated in the nonhomologous region of the Y chromosome. Holandric genes condition phenotypes that emerge only in men as in

Functions of the cartilages in the human body, Q. What are a few functions ...

Q. What are a few functions of the cartilages in the human body? Cartilages are responsible for the structural support of the ears and nose. The bronchi and the trachea are als

Explain major role in contributing towards motivation, Major role in contri...

Major role in contributing towards motivation. Psychological factors: Depression, anxiety or phobia induced by illness,  life- style changes or medication effects, may hinder

Classifications of carbohydrates based on number of aldehyde, Define Classi...

Define Classifications of carbohydrates based on number of aldehyde? Classification based on the presence of aldehyde or ketone group Carbon atoms Aldos

Pre-operative nursing care of a child with cleft lip, Pre-operative Nursing...

Pre-operative Nursing Care of a Child with Cleft Lip   We shall begin with pre-operative nursing care and then focus on post-operative Disorders care. As you know that initial

Explain significance of mitosis for embryonic development, Q. What is the s...

Q. What is the significance of mitosis for the embryonic development? Every embryo grows from a single cell that bears mitosis and generates other cells that also divide themse

Define exocytosis , A cell frequently wants to secrete larger molecule...

A cell frequently wants to secrete larger molecules than can be accommodated through the transport systems dealt with in Topic E3. Exocytoses get to the movement of proteins out of

Human ovum, A pair of ovaries are the reproductive organs in woman. They...

A pair of ovaries are the reproductive organs in woman. They are present just below the kidneys in the abdominal cavity. Each ovary has several sac like structures called ova

Biostatistics for clinical and public health research, Disease Y Study: Le...

Disease Y Study: Let us consider the Disease Y study, a brief description of the study is as follows. A case-control study was conducted of 75 cases with a rare genetic disorder "

Define premotor cortex located in the frontal lobes, Q. Define Premotor Cor...

Q. Define Premotor Cortex Located in the frontal lobes? Premotor Cortex - Involved in control of more complex, learned motor skills like writing, driving, etc. Broca's area or

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd