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Define Query by Example
QBE is a query language relies upon domain calculus and has two dimensional syntax. The queries are written in the horizontal and vertical dimensions of table. Queries are made by entering an instance of a possible answer in a skeleton table as displayed in the following diagram:
Conditions particular in a single row are ANDed and conditions illustrated in separate rows are ORed. The tuple operations are P., I ., etc., for PRINT, insert commands, resp. The variable names are illustrated by preceding their name with an underscore. QBE as well provides a "conditions" box to specify additional constraints that is why the conditions that cannot be added in a Skelton table can be entered in the conditions table. The aggregation operations such as max., min, sum. etc. are also provided by QBE.
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Explain the Log Based Recovery Method? The system log that is generally written on stable storage consists of the redundant data required to recover from volatile storage failu
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Write short notes on relational constraints? Relational Constraints are: 1. NOT NULL 2. Unique 3. Primary key 4. Foreign key 5. Table check
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