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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
Define the notation for classes and atrributes The notation for class, attribute, and operations are shown below: Figure: Class with attributes and operations A
Which is another name for weak entity? Child is another name of weak entity.
Need a sample of a clinic database relationships
What is DBMS and what are functions of DBMS? DBMS consist of collection of integrated data and set of program to admission those data. The functions performed by a typical
What is the meaning of Data independence? Data independence means a programs that are not dependent on the physical attributes of data and a programs that are not dependent on
Explain data independence ? Data independence is the capacity to modify the schema at one stage of a database system without having to change the schema at the further level.
what is physical data structure
WHY SHOULD NULL IN A RELATION BE AVOID AS possible?
Explain Stand Alone Query Language in details? Stand alone Query Language - The query language that can be used interactively is known as stand alone query language. It does no
A full discription of the new, a discription of its components, and the bebefit it will provide a company. A disscussion of the information usedin the system. A disscussion of any
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