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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
Define union compatibility? Explain why INTERSECTION of two relations cannot be performed if they are not union compatible? Two relations R(A1, A2,-------, An) and S(B1, B2,--
Write short note on Events Events consist of inputs, interrupts, decisions and actions performed by any external device or users. Every event always has a sender and receiver.
I want a script that will run, and update my virtual machine's LAN settings (proxy server and port), and also re-configure the Firefox User Agent. I want a script that will run,
Question: In a multi-user database environment, locking mechanisms can be used to solve the three basic problems of concurrency. On the other hand, however, locking may also le
Explain the Static or conservative Two Phase Locking: Static (or conservative) Two Phase Locking: In this type of scheme, all the data items are locked earlier than any opera
1. Which relational algebra operations do not need the participating tables to be union-compatible? Ans: Join is the relational algebra operations that do not need the particip
What are the advantages of using a DBMS? The benefits of using a DBMS are a) Controlling redundancy b) Restricting unauthorized access c) Giving multiple user interfac
You are to write a property management database program that allows a real estate agent to view, add, search, and save property listings. The program is to do the following: 1.
Example: RELATIONAL SCHEMA for PERSON: PERSON (PERSON_ID: integer, NAME: string, AGE: integer, ADDRESS: String) RELATION INSTANCE In this instance, m = 3 and n = 4
DISADVANTAGES OF RDBMS
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