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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
Find out the names and company names of all employees sorted in ascending order of company name and descending order of employee names of by which company. SELECT EMPLOYEE_NAME,
Explain four causes for failures in data warehouse projects
anyone have a textbook solutions case fair, 8 edition of vol 1 ?, please give me
There are three main sources of utilities and applications for a DBMS: a. Vendor applications and utilities are given for working with or maintaining the database, and generally
BCNF Boyce-Codd Normal Form A relation schema R is in BCNF if it is in 3NF and accepts an additional constraint that for every FD X A, X has to be a candidate key. If a relati
Due date for May 8
Increased overheads on update : On the drawbacks side, it will need the system to ensure that all replicas of a relation are consistent. This shows that all the replicas of the rel
Explain Data Dictionary in short?
Define garbage collection. Garbage may be formed also as a side effect of crashes. Periodically, it is essential to find all the garbage pages and to add them to the list of fr
Home based assignment Consider an ORDER table with the following attributes: • Order Number (ONo),Customer Number (CNo),Customer Name (CNa),Item Number (INo),Unit Price (UP), Quant
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