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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
Describe analysis of access paths To describe analysis of access paths, consider an example of the design of a company's employee skills database. A part of the object model fr
Let us now make the E-R diagram for the student database as per the explanation given in the previous section. We can also states the overall logical structure of a database usi
Find a 3NF decomposition of the following relation scheme: University (Faculty, Dean, Department, Chair, Professor, Rank, Student}. The University relation satisfies the following
Determine the OBJECTIVES of object design After passing through this unit, you should be able to: describe and apply concept of generalisation; understand and appl
sir, could anybody help me in getting complete information about the mentioned topic
The External or View Level The external or view level is the highest level of abstraction of database. It gives a window on the conceptual view, which permits the user to see
Explain Derived and Non-Derived Attribute? In few cases, two or more attribute values are related, for instance, Age and BirthDate attributes of a person. For specific person e
Types of data independence Data independence can be classified into the following two types: Physical Data Independence: This means that for any change made in the physi
Consider employee table of (i) and list names of department(s) for which average salary for department is more than 10,000. (SELECT d_name FROM dept WHERE d_code IN (SELECT d_c
Define weak and strong entity sets? Weak entity set: entity set that do not have key attribute of their own are known as weak entity sets. Strong entity set: Entity set that
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