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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
create an e-r diagram usuing graphical dipicted software that could theoritically be used in resturant application
Run the following queries. For each query show 1) What you expect the output to be based upon the data 2) the SQL code and 3) the output running the query in Oracle. 1. Show all c
What is a view? Make a view of EMP table named DEPT 20, to display the employees in department 20 and their annual salary. Ans: View is a virtual table that does not consist
Which two files are used during operation of the DBMS? Data dictionary and transaction log are two files used during operation of the DBMS.
Using a labelled diagram explain the operation of the Data Warehouse, define the basic architectural components and outline the main functionalities. Briefly explain the role an op
Data Independence This brings us to our next topic: data independence. It is the property of the database which tries to make sure that if we make any change in any level of sc
Creating views with check option : This option limits those updates of data values that cause records to go off the view. The following instance tells this in more detail: Examp
Consider the relation PERSON. If you want to display details of persons having age less than or equal to 30 than the select operation will be used as follows: σ AGE The resu
Why containment is important in oosystems? Containment is an significant concept in oosystems because it allows dissimilar users to view data at different granularities.
Example -Find the employee name, salary, department number and average salary of his/her department, for those employees whose salary is more than the average salary of that depart
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