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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
Use Access 2007 to create a database called UniLib.mdb. - this file should be created on your personal drive at the university (or C: if you're using Access 2007 at home) and t
Describe the definition of a transaction in SQL Ans: The SQL transaction starts implicitly. Transactions are finished by either Commit work that commits the transaction and st
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Clustering Indexes It may be an excellent idea to keep data of the students in the order of the programme they have registered as most of the data file accesses may need studen
Question: (a) What do you meant by content management and briefly describe four major components of a Content Management System? (b) Explain key benefits of a Content Manage
Given the following set of functional dependencies {cf?bg, g?d, cdg?f, b?de, d?c} defined on R(b,c,d,e,f,g) a.Find a non-redundant cover. b.Find a canonical cover.
In an E-R diagram an entity set is represent by? In an E-R digram entity set is represted by rectangle.
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What is a candidate key? Minimal super keys are known as candidate keys.
Consider a research paper submission process. The process starts when an author submits a draft research paper (the paper may have up to 3 authors) to the chair of the organizing c
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