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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
By using the delete operation some consisting records can be deleted from a relation. To delete some definite records from the database a condition is also specified based on which
Your friend owns and operates a wholesale shoe business with annual revenues of $5 million dollars. His wholesale business specializes in supplying and supporting retailers with sh
What is meant by heuristic optimisation? Discuss the main heuristics that are applied during query optimisation. Ans: In heuristic optimization, heuristics are employed to r
Redo Logs: Any database must have minimum two redo logs. These are the rules for the database; the redo logs record all modifies to the system objects or user objects. If any type
deffine class&object
how to solve the C type problems?
Question: (a) Discuss the difference between a composite key and a composite attribute. How would each be indicated in an E-R diagram? Support your answer with appropriate exam
Attributes and its types explain?
Question A What is operational intelligence? Question B What is Business Intelligence? Explain the components of BI architecture Question C Differentiate between databas
under what condition log based recovery is feasible?
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