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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
Why did SAP introduce the extended star schema? Explain why it is reported to be better than the traditional schema model?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of merging an association into a class? Advantages: i) Less number of tables ii) Faster performance due to the fewer tables
Distributed Database Management System
Differentiate between join and outer join? Outer joins return all rows from at least one of the tables or views mentioned within the FROM clause, as long as those rows get toge
The State of Newyork certifies firefighters throughout state keep track all of them, as well as the state’s of fire departments. Each fire department has unique department number
Explain the concept of a data model ? Data Model - Model is an abstraction procedure which hides irrelevant details although highlighting details relevant to the application
What are the two main goals of parallelism? Load -balance multiple small accesses, so that the throughput of such accesses enhances. Parallelize large accesses so that the res
What are advantages of object models? Object models are efficient for communicating with the application experts and reaching a consensus about the significant aspects of the p
Need for Multiple Access Paths In practice, most of the online information systems need the support of multi-key files. For example, consider a banking database application hav
What is NULL? Give an example to described testing for NULL in SQL? The NULL SQL keyword is used to represent either a missing value or a value which is not applicable in a re
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