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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
What is difference between primary index and secondary index? Primary Index a) It is an ordered file whose records are of fixed length along with two fields. b) Only base
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10A.53 Code an Oracle Database trigger to enforce the constraint that an employee can never change his or her department. 10A.54 Code an Oracle Database trigger to allow the
what is Storage-Device Hierarchy question
Differentiate between logical database design and physical database design. Show how this separation leads to data independence? Basis Logical Databas
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draw er diagram using entities crop,employee,department,plot,cultivation plan,machinery,seed,fertilizer
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What are multiple inheritances? Multiple inheritances allow a class to inherit variables and methods from many super classes.
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