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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
What are the causes of bucket overflow in a hash file organization? What can be done to reduce the occurrence of bucket overflow? When a record is inserted, the bucket to that
What is deadlock? Neither of the transaction can ever proceed with its normal implementation. This situation is known as deadlock.
Example -Find the employee name, salary, department number and average salary of his/her department, for those employees whose salary is more than the average salary of that depart
Three Level Architecture of DBMS or Logical DBMS Architecture The logical architecture defines how data in the database is perceived by users. It is not deals with how the da
Describe domain constraints. Domain constraints contain entity integrity and referential integrity. The domain is a set of values that might be assigned to an attribute. The en
Describe the storage structure of indexed sequential files and their access method. Ans: Index offers a lookup capability to rapidly reach the vicinity of the desired record.
Differance between Open addressing and chaining for collision resolution ? In open addressing , proceeding from the occupied position specified by hash address the program che
What is DML compiler? DML Compiler: Translates DML statements in a query language within low level instructions understandable through the query evaluation engine. Attempts to
Gaps in sequence values can happen when: - A rollback happens that is when a statement changes are not accepted. - When the system crashes - When a sequence i
can you resolve this for me please? Database Management Systems Homework 1 The following relations are given (primary keys are underlined): PLAY-ACTOR(AId, Name, Nationality, Birt
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