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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
Express the properties of Strings? Strings can be case sensitive (or not) which can change the outcome of string operations. You can evaluate whole strings \ just part
What is the use of unique function? UNIQUE function: If UNIQUE is specified then only unique values are used to computed the mean.
Do you have experts of the dbms
Outer Join: The use of Outer Join is that it still joins those tuples that do not have matching values in common columns are also contained in the result table. Outer join places
write an SQL statement to create the database in MYSQL server
Modify a sequence: ALTER SEQUENCE SEQSS INCREMENT 2 MAXVALUE 3000; Removing a sequence: DROP SEQUENCE SEQSS;
What is schema
State the Component Diagram A component diagram represents a set of component and relationships among them. In a dynamic model, component diagram is used to model physical com
What is called query processing? Query processing refers to the range of activities included in extracting data from a database.
Types of data independence Data independence can be classified into the following two types: Physical Data Independence: This means that for any change made in the physi
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