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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
Describe Parameteric end users? Parametric end users might be given update access, but are commonly not permitted to change the structure of data.
This assignment concerns the Research database. The database ER model is shown above, where attributes are omitted for clarity. The relational model for the database is: Departm
Question: This question refers to the database schema. a) Express the following queries in SQL: (i) Write the SQL code that will create the table Company. Your answer sh
How is the database organised in Oracle? Database organized within Oracle in terms of table and table holds attributes and values. A database consists of one or more logical
Functional Dependency Consider a relation R that has 2 attributes A and B. The attribute B of the relation is functionally dependent on the attribute A if and only if for every
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What is the meaning of Data Independence ?
Create Relational Database Model (RDM) for Sailing bed and breakfast club Table_Name( attribute_1, attribute_2, attribute_3, ? ,attribute_x) Primary Key ( attribute_1, attribute_2)
What is a PROJECT operation? The project operation is a unary operation that returns its argument relation with particular attributes left out. Projection is shown by pie (π).
1 NF Normal Form The domain of attribute must add only atomic (simple, indivisible) values First normal form (Minimal Form or 1NF) is a normal form need in database normalizat
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