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Normalization:It is a process of examine the given relation schemas based on their primary key and Functional Dependencies (FDs) to achieve the properties
Database normalization is the process of arranging the tables and fields of a relational database to minimize dependency and redundancy. Normalization generally adds dividing large tables into smaller tables and describing relationships between them.
Normalization :It is a process of examine the given relation schemas based on their primary key and Functional Dependencies (FDs) to achieve the properties Minimizing redun
Improved Reliability: In a centralised DBMS, a server failure stops the operations of the DBMS. Though, a failure at single site of a DDBMS, or a failure of a communication link cr
Explain nested relations? Nested relations The assumption of INF is a natural one in the bank examples we have considered. However, not all applications are best modelled
If the deletion violates referential integrity constraint, then three alternatives are available: Default option: - refuse the deletion. It is the job of the DBMS to describ
List out various user authorization to modify the database schema. a) Index authorization b) Resource authorization c) Alteration authorization d) Drop authorizat
Describe Embedded Query Language? Embedded Query Language - A query language (e.g., SQL) can be implemented in two ways. It can be used interactively or embedded within a host
Compute the closure (F+) for the following set of the functional dependencies defined on R(a,b,c,d), where F - {c→ a, ab → d, a → b, d → c}, i.e. what are all of the FDs implied b
notes about update opreation
Primary Key The primary key is the candidate key that is selected by the database designer as the principal denotes of identifying entities within an entity set. The left candi
Explain Domain calculus Domain calculus is one of the types of the relational calculus. The formal specification of the domain calculus was planned after the development of the
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