Define non-carbonate hardness (nch) - water softening, Civil Engineering

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Non-carbonate hardness (NCH) - Water Softening

1. Permanent Hardness, not removed by heating water

2. Ca+2, Mg+2 combining with ions outside of alkalinity such as Cl-1, NO3-1, SO42-

3. NCH = TH-CH   (if alkalinity is equal to or greater than TH, then NCH is zero)

 


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