Define lipid-anchored proteins, Biology

Assignment Help:

A large number of integral proteins in eukaryotes do not traverse the membrane but are anchored in one or other leaflet of the bilayer through covalent attachment to a hydrocarbon chain. Several proteins, having the prion protein the causative  agent  of  mad  cow  disease  are  stably anchored  at  the  cell  surface by  covalent  linkage  of their  C-terminal  amino  acid  to the  headgroup  of a   phosphatidylinositol   lipid   by   an   ethanolamine-phosphate-trimannose-glucosamine   bridge,  so-called GPI (glycosyl  phosphatidylinositol)-anchored proteins. This difficult structure is built up by sequential addition of the individual sugar residues and ethanolamine phosphate to phosphatidylinositol. The C-terminal hydrophobic signal peptide is deleted from the protein in the lumen of the RER and the preformed GPI anchor added to the new exposed C- terminal amino acid.

2294_22.png

 

figure: Lipid-modified proteins. (a) A glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored protein (G, glucosamine; M, mannose; EtP, ethanolamine phosphate); (b) A myristoylated protein; (c) A prenylated protein; (d) a palmitoylated protein. Some proteins are also customized on Cys residues with covalently attached palmitate (C16:0) (palmitoylated proteins). These have some with membrane-spanning polypeptides (fig. 2d), some prenylated proteins and some myristoylated  proteins. Various of the proteins having in cell signaling, like as the G proteins and the Ras family of proteins are lipid modified.

 

 


Related Discussions:- Define lipid-anchored proteins

What physical fitness tests examine, What Physical fitness tests examine? ...

What Physical fitness tests examine? Physical fitness tests examine the components of physical fitness such as endurance, speed, strength, flexibility and body composition. The

Explain advantages of using yeast as a source of protein, Organism:- Yeast ...

Organism:- Yeast Advantages Large size, hence separation from the culture medium is easy.  As the pH of the growth is towards acidic side, high amount of lysine is prod

Flagellated protozoan, Flagellated Protozoan These are protozoan th...

Flagellated Protozoan These are protozoan that move by means of one or more flagella and include the largest number of species, about 6,800.  Asexual reproduction is by

Kingdom protists, phyla of animal like protists that have free living membe...

phyla of animal like protists that have free living members

Bovine viral diarrhoea, B o v i ne viral diarrhoea Bovine viral dia...

B o v i ne viral diarrhoea Bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) and mucosal disease (MD) are clinically dissimilar disease syndrome yet have a common viral etiology. The acute dise

Types of ecosystem, Ecosystems are so varied in form and structure that wha...

Ecosystems are so varied in form and structure that whatever has a distinct community of its own, can be called an ecosystem eg. A crop field, grass land, barks etc. all the ecosys

Describe the importance of neuropsychological tests, Describe the importanc...

Describe the importance of Neuropsychological tests Neuropsychological tests are generally thought of as assessment instrument for a variety of cognitive, perceptual, and motor

Define the phosphorus - the macromineral, Define the Phosphorus - The Macro...

Define the Phosphorus - The Macromineral? The body contains about 620 g (20 moles) of phosphorus. Of this 87% is present in bones. It is thus more widely distributed in the bod

Determine the use of water soluble vitamin A, Water soluble Vitamin A  ...

Water soluble Vitamin A  Water soluble vitamin A is a yellowish green, slightly turbid, fluorescent liquid of faint characteristic odour. The taste is at first faintly sweet an

Leptontene and zygotene, Leptontene: The chromosomes becomes visible,...

Leptontene: The chromosomes becomes visible, shorten and thick. The size of the nucleus increase. The homologous chromosomes start getting closer to each other. Z

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd