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Define Hash files organization
a. Hashing includes computing the address of a data item by calculating a function on the search key value.
b. A hash function h is a function from the set of all search key values K to the set of all bucket addresses B.
We select a number of buckets to correspond to the number of search key values we will comprise stored in the database.
To carry out a lookup on a search key value Ki, we calculate hki, and search the bucket along with that address.
If two search keys i and j map to similar address, as h(Ki)=h(Kj), after that the bucket at the address acquired will consist of records with both search key values.
In this case we will have to verify the search key value of each record in the bucket to get the ones we want.
Explain the term High level DML? High level DML A high-level or non-procedural DML permit the user to specify what data is needed without specifying how it is to be acquired.
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1. Determine the set of minimal functional dependencies for the following data. The local bakery, Happy Cakes, needs your help designing a database that will support a kiosk in
Define shadow paging. An alternative to log-based crash recovery method is shadow paging. This technique requires fewer disk accesses than do the log-based methods.
Give two profit of Reuse of Code. Reusing the implementation . Place existing class directly inside a new class. The new class can be made up of any number and type of the oth
What is the difference between a HAVING CLAUSE and a WHERE CLAUSE? HAVING CLAUSE - HAVING CLAUSE is used only with SELECT statement. - It is normally used in a GROUP BY
Define Assertions in SQL a. An assertion is a predicate that is expressing a condition we wish the database to always satisfy. b. Domain constraints, functional dependency
What is Primary key? Primary Key - Primary key is one of the candidate keys which uniquely identifies each row in the relation.
Why do so various organizations use MySQL? Advantages: Open source Highly efficient Offers a high scalability in terms of size and connectivity. Highly prote
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