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Define functional and multivalued dependencies.
Ans: A functional dependency is a assets of the semantics of the attributes in a relation. The semantics point out how attributes relate to one another, and identify the functional dependencies between attributes. While a functional dependency is available, the dependency is fixed as a constraint among the attributes. Refer a relation with attributes A and B, in which attribute B is functionally dependent on attribute A. If we know the value of A and we inspect the relation that holds this dependency, we will find out just only one value of B in all of the tuples which have a given value of A, at any moment in time. Note though, that for a given value of B there may be various different values of A.
Multivalued Dependencies: A multivalued dependency is an outcome of two independent 1: N relationships A: B and A: C being mixed in similar relation R(A,B,C)
Although how will the system recover The selection of REDO or UNDO for a transaction for the recovery is completed on the basis of the state of the transactions. This state is
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To eliminate duplicate rows (distinct operator) Example: SELECT DISTINCT DEPTNO FROM EMP;
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Explain the steps for reduction of E-R model into relational model. Ans:(a) Entity set in E-R model will be considered as table name in relational Model. (b) Attributes of e
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It defines that no primary key value can be null. This is as the primary key is used to recognize individual tuple in the relation. So we will not be able to recognize the records
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