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First Normal Form and second normal form
First Normal Form (1NF)
A relation is said to be in 1NF if it having no non-atomic values and each row can give a unique combination of values.
Second Normal Form (2NF)
A relation is said to be in 2NF f if it is already in 1NF and each attribute fully depends on the primary key of the relation. Speaking inversely, if a table has some attributes which is not dependant on the primary key of that table, and then it is not in 2NF.
Lost Updates : Suppose the two transactions T3 and T4 run simultaneously and they happen to be interleaved in the following way (suppose the initial value of X as 10000):
What are metrics for choosing the best algorithm? Matrices for choosing the best algorithms are as below: Computational complexity Ease of understand ability and im
To do the division operation R1 ÷ R2, R2 should be a correct subset of R1. In the following example R1 have attributes A and B and R2 have only attribute B so R2 is a correct subse
Types of Data fragmentation
What are the disadvantages of file-processing system? Ans: The Disadvantages of File-Processing System a. Data redundancy and inconsistency - Data redundancy means not nece
Define average latency time. The average latency time of the disk is one-half the time for a full rotation of the disk.
What is a recursive relationship? Give an example not used in the text. A recursive relationship is a relationship among an entity and itself. For example, given the entity PER
When a function module is activated syntax checking is performed automatically. YEs, a function module is activated syntax checking.
#question. Draw a picture of a moving source and the waves surrounding it according to what you observed in this experiment. How does the spacing of the wave-fronts in front of the
Limitations of File Based System The file-based system has some limitations. The limitations are listed as follows: Isolation and separation of data: When the data is
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