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Define entity integrity and referential integrity. How does SQL allow specification of these?
Ans: Entity Integrity Rule- If the attribute A of relation R is a prime attribute of R after that A cannot accept null values.
Referential Integrity Rule- In referential integrity, it is made sure that a value that appears in one relation for a given set of attributes as well appears for a particular set of attributes in another relation.
In SQL, referential integrity and entity integrity rules are implemented as constraints on the relation known as reference Key constraint and primary Key constraint correspondingly.
These constraints can be fixed with relation at the time of creation of the relations or after the creation of the relations by altering the definition of the relations. For instance:
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What is an ERD?
What is NULL? Simply NULL means not in value.
What is transaction? Transaction is a unit of program implementation that accesses and possibly updated several data items.
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Draw an ER diagram that represents the information described below. Show all entity sets, relationship sets, primary keys, and the mapping cardinality of the relationship sets.
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Example: RELATIONAL SCHEMA for PERSON: PERSON (PERSON_ID: integer, NAME: string, AGE: integer, ADDRESS: String) RELATION INSTANCE In this instance, m = 3 and n = 4
Relationship between Security and Integrity: Database security usually refers to access, while database integrity refers to avoidance of accidental loss of consistency. But usually
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