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Define Deadlock avoidance
These protocols as well ensure that the system will never enter a deadlock state although the way it is done is different from deadlock prevention. In this way whenever a transaction requests for some data, the system refer the resources currently allocated to each procedure and the future requests and releases of each process currently allocated to each procedures and the future requests and releases of every process, to decide whether the current request can be satisfied or should wait to prevent a possible future deadlock. In this the transactions must give additional information about how in future the data will be requested.
Data Independence This brings us to our next topic: data independence. It is the property of the database which tries to make sure that if we make any change in any level of sc
What is transaction? Transaction is a unit of program implementation that accesses and possibly updated several data items.
One-to-one relationship: For every 1:1 relationship type R in the ER diagram including two entities E1 and E2 we take one of entities (say E1) preferably with total participatio
How many types of Views are there? There are Four types of views:- Database View Help View Projection View Maintenance View
Which language has presently become the defacto standard for interfacing application programs along with relational database system? The language which has recently become the
Timestamps For Read operations: If TS (T) If TS (T) >= W-timestamp (Q), then the transaction T is trying to read a value of data item Q which has been written and committed
What is a foreign key, and what is it used for? A foreign key is used to establish relationships between relations in the relational model. Technically, a foreign key is a colu
What are uncommitted modifications? The immediate-modification technique permits database modifications to be output to the database whereas the transaction is still in the act
What are the two integrity rules? Ans: The two integrity rules are: Entity Integrity Rule & Referential Integrity Rule. Entity Integrity Rule - If the attribute A of rel
What are wait-for-graphs?Give the algorithm to construct a wait-for-graph from a given schedule of transactions? How can deadlocks be detected from wait-for-graphs? Ans: The
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