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Data independence seems that "the application is independent of the access strategy and storage structure of data". In other words, the ability to change the schema definition in one level could not change the schema definition in the next higher level. Two kinds of Data Independence:
Derived horizontal fragmentation: Some applications may include a join of two or more relations. If the relations are stored at dissimilar locations, there may be a major overhead
Create an index for the table Client, field CLIENT_NO of Q ? Command: CREATE INDEX client_client_no ON client(client_no);
What is data definition language? Explain it in detail? The SQL DDL allows specification of not only a set of relations, but also information after each relation, containing
Mention various steps required to draw an E-R Diagram. Draw an E-R Diagram for Student Information System. Mention all suitable assumptions to justify your answer.
Show a centralised schema to support the operation of the system you have chosen, including in particular: the product catalogue; the outlets and respective stocks; customer record
Question: A DBMS built for Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) is generally regarded as unsuitable for data warehousing. Each system is designed with a different set of requir
What are the types of reference?explain it with suitable examples? Object oriented language given the ability to refer the object attribute of the type can be referred to the s
How does a query tree represent a relational algebra expression? Ans: This includes transforming an initial expression (tree) into an equivalent expression (tree) that is
Data Fragmentation "Fragmentation includes decomposing the data in relation to non-overlapping component relations". Why do we require fragmenting a relation?
Write the syntax of creating an INDEX ? Syntax of Creating an Index: CREATE [BITMAP] [UNIQUE] INDEX ON ( [, ] . . .);
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