Define aortic regurgitation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Q. Define Aortic regurgitation?

Aortic regurgitation is a common valvular disease that may present chronically or acutely. Normally the integrity of valve closure depends upon the anatomy of valve leaflets and on three dimensional geometry of aortic root and sinuses of Valsalva. Wide variety of causes may lead to aortic regurgitation. Usually 50 per cent of valve replacements are due to diseases of valve and 50 per cent due to root disease. However, in India predominant cause of aortic valve replacement is still rheumatic.

Table : Causes of Aortic Regurgitation

                                                                  Acute                                             - Aortic dissection
                                                                                                                       - Trauma
                                                                                                                       - Leaflet perforation due to endocarditis
Chronic

                                                                 Valve leaflet disease                         - Congenital
                                                                                                                              Bicuspid
                                                                                                                              Unicuspid
                                                                                                                              Quadricuspid
                                                                                                                              Fenestrations
                                                                                                                         - Rheumatic
                                                                                                                         - Infective endocarditis
                                                                                                                         - Myxomatous degeneration
                                                                                                                         - Fibro calcific degeneration
                                                                                                                         - Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

                                                                                                                          - Rheumatoid
                                                                                                                          - Pharmacological agents

                                                                Aortic Root Disease                          - Hypertension
                                                                                                                          - Idiopathic root dilatation
                                                                                                                          - Marfan's Syndrome
                                                                                                                          - Aortic dissection
                                                                                                                          - Annuloaortic ecstasia
                                                                                                                          - Cystic medial necrosis
                                                                                                                          - Syphilis
                                                                                                                          - Ankylosing spondylosis
                                                                                                                          - Takayasu arteritis
                                                                                                                          - Psoriatic arthritis
                                                                                                                          - Reiter's Syndrome
                                                                                                                          - Relapsing Polychondritis
                                                                                                                          - Kawasaki disease
                                                                                                                          - Osteogeneses imperfecta
                                                                                                                          - Giant cell Arteritis
                                                                                                                          - Ehlers - Danlos Syndrome

Sub Valvular                                                                                                      - Discrete sub aortic stenosis

                                                                                                                          - VSD with aortic regurgitation due to prolapse

Majority of elderly hypertensive patients have trivial to mild aortic regurgitation due to varying degrees of root dilatation due to hypertension and degenerative changes in the valve. However, they are rarely of clinical importance and may not progress to severe aortic regurgitation.


Related Discussions:- Define aortic regurgitation

Outbreak of staphylococcal food poisoning, Q. What are the conditions favou...

Q. What are the conditions favouring the outbreak of Staphylococcal food poisoning? • Botulism is caused by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum. • All low acid foods can s

Explain the ethological approach in taxonomy, Explain the Ethological Appro...

Explain the Ethological Approach in Taxonomy The use of behavioural or ethoIogica1 characteristics in animals is relatively new, though extremely useful, particularly in the id

Define influence of polyphenols on carbohydrates, Define influence of polyp...

Define influence of polyphenols on Carbohydrates? Binding of proteins may indirectly affect carbohydrate absorption. Inhibition of amylolytic enzymes and subsequent reduction o

Name the common nitrogen-fixer in paddy field, The common nitrogen-fixer in...

The common nitrogen-fixer in paddy fields is: 1. Rhizobium 2. Azospirillum 3. Oscillatoria 4. Frankia Azospirillum is the common nitrogen-fixer in paddy fields

Water has key participation in organic reactions, Q. Water has key particip...

Q. Water has key participation in organic reactions. What are examples of two types of organic reactions in which water is respectively incorporated or liberated in the products of

What proportion of the offspring, A laboratory mouse homozygous for an RFLP...

A laboratory mouse homozygous for an RFLP marker is mated to a wild mouse that is heterozygous for that marker. One of the heterozygous individuals resulting from this cross is mat

Explain the general small size of arthropods, How does the presence of exos...

How does the presence of exoskeleton explain the general small size of arthropods? As they have exoskeleton and periodic ecdysis, the growth of arthropods is limited to avoid t

Determine recommended nutrient intakes by selenium, Determine recommended n...

Determine recommended nutrient intakes by selenium? The FAO/WHO 2004 recommendation for nutrient intake for selenium by groups is given in Table. How do these recommendations c

What do you mean by crystalline style, What do you mean by crystalline styl...

What do you mean by crystalline style? A rodlike structure in some mollusc stomachs which is made of enzymatic proteins required for digestion. Cilia lining the stomach rotate

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd