Define aortic regurgitation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Q. Define Aortic regurgitation?

Aortic regurgitation is a common valvular disease that may present chronically or acutely. Normally the integrity of valve closure depends upon the anatomy of valve leaflets and on three dimensional geometry of aortic root and sinuses of Valsalva. Wide variety of causes may lead to aortic regurgitation. Usually 50 per cent of valve replacements are due to diseases of valve and 50 per cent due to root disease. However, in India predominant cause of aortic valve replacement is still rheumatic.

Table : Causes of Aortic Regurgitation

                                                                  Acute                                             - Aortic dissection
                                                                                                                       - Trauma
                                                                                                                       - Leaflet perforation due to endocarditis
Chronic

                                                                 Valve leaflet disease                         - Congenital
                                                                                                                              Bicuspid
                                                                                                                              Unicuspid
                                                                                                                              Quadricuspid
                                                                                                                              Fenestrations
                                                                                                                         - Rheumatic
                                                                                                                         - Infective endocarditis
                                                                                                                         - Myxomatous degeneration
                                                                                                                         - Fibro calcific degeneration
                                                                                                                         - Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

                                                                                                                          - Rheumatoid
                                                                                                                          - Pharmacological agents

                                                                Aortic Root Disease                          - Hypertension
                                                                                                                          - Idiopathic root dilatation
                                                                                                                          - Marfan's Syndrome
                                                                                                                          - Aortic dissection
                                                                                                                          - Annuloaortic ecstasia
                                                                                                                          - Cystic medial necrosis
                                                                                                                          - Syphilis
                                                                                                                          - Ankylosing spondylosis
                                                                                                                          - Takayasu arteritis
                                                                                                                          - Psoriatic arthritis
                                                                                                                          - Reiter's Syndrome
                                                                                                                          - Relapsing Polychondritis
                                                                                                                          - Kawasaki disease
                                                                                                                          - Osteogeneses imperfecta
                                                                                                                          - Giant cell Arteritis
                                                                                                                          - Ehlers - Danlos Syndrome

Sub Valvular                                                                                                      - Discrete sub aortic stenosis

                                                                                                                          - VSD with aortic regurgitation due to prolapse

Majority of elderly hypertensive patients have trivial to mild aortic regurgitation due to varying degrees of root dilatation due to hypertension and degenerative changes in the valve. However, they are rarely of clinical importance and may not progress to severe aortic regurgitation.


Related Discussions:- Define aortic regurgitation

What is the explanation for the bleeding, Q. What is the explanation for th...

Q. What is the explanation for the bleeding that accompanies menses? The hemorrhage that accompanies menses occurs because the endometrium is a richly vascularized tissue and t

Determine about the sense of contrast, Determine about the Sense of  Contr...

Determine about the Sense of  Contrast It is  the ability to  perceive  slight changes  in  luminance between  regions which  are not  separated by  definite borders. This  is

Male reproductive system - semen, SEMEN - Sperms and secretion of acces...

SEMEN - Sperms and secretion of accesory glands collectively known as seminal fluid or semen. It is milky, semi-solid in nature having particular smell. pH : 7.35 - 7.5. Spe

Define radiological anatomy, Q. Define Radiological anatomy? The border...

Q. Define Radiological anatomy? The borders of the mediastinum on the CXR are defined by the contrast produced by adjacent air filled lung. Postero-Anterior View It in

Determine about the accommodation of eye, Determine about the Accommodation...

Determine about the Accommodation of eye Accommodation is the ability of the overall refracting power of the eye to change to clearly view objects at different distances. This

Gastrointestinal tract - changes associated with ageing, Gastrointestinal T...

Gastrointestinal Tract - Changes Associated with ageing? Many path physiological factors limit the adequacy of the dietary intake of elderly. Loss of natural dentition may occu

Mitral valve repair-indications for surgery, Mitral Valve Repair :  When...

Mitral Valve Repair :  Whenever possible, the valve has to be repaired rather than replaced. Preoperative investigations and a TEE done on the operating table will help the surg

Respiration, explain why expired air contain co2

explain why expired air contain co2

Explain the interaction of riboflavin with other nutrients, Explain the Int...

Explain the Interaction of Riboflavin with other Nutrients? Riboflavin, as already discussed under the functions, interrelates with other B vitamins,  notably niacin, which r

Explain the composition of nutrient agar and nutrient broth, Explain the Co...

Explain the Composition of Nutrient Agar and Nutrient Broth? The composition and procedure for preparation of some commonly used media, which we will use in the laboratory for

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd