Define aortic regurgitation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Q. Define Aortic regurgitation?

Aortic regurgitation is a common valvular disease that may present chronically or acutely. Normally the integrity of valve closure depends upon the anatomy of valve leaflets and on three dimensional geometry of aortic root and sinuses of Valsalva. Wide variety of causes may lead to aortic regurgitation. Usually 50 per cent of valve replacements are due to diseases of valve and 50 per cent due to root disease. However, in India predominant cause of aortic valve replacement is still rheumatic.

Table : Causes of Aortic Regurgitation

                                                                  Acute                                             - Aortic dissection
                                                                                                                       - Trauma
                                                                                                                       - Leaflet perforation due to endocarditis
Chronic

                                                                 Valve leaflet disease                         - Congenital
                                                                                                                              Bicuspid
                                                                                                                              Unicuspid
                                                                                                                              Quadricuspid
                                                                                                                              Fenestrations
                                                                                                                         - Rheumatic
                                                                                                                         - Infective endocarditis
                                                                                                                         - Myxomatous degeneration
                                                                                                                         - Fibro calcific degeneration
                                                                                                                         - Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

                                                                                                                          - Rheumatoid
                                                                                                                          - Pharmacological agents

                                                                Aortic Root Disease                          - Hypertension
                                                                                                                          - Idiopathic root dilatation
                                                                                                                          - Marfan's Syndrome
                                                                                                                          - Aortic dissection
                                                                                                                          - Annuloaortic ecstasia
                                                                                                                          - Cystic medial necrosis
                                                                                                                          - Syphilis
                                                                                                                          - Ankylosing spondylosis
                                                                                                                          - Takayasu arteritis
                                                                                                                          - Psoriatic arthritis
                                                                                                                          - Reiter's Syndrome
                                                                                                                          - Relapsing Polychondritis
                                                                                                                          - Kawasaki disease
                                                                                                                          - Osteogeneses imperfecta
                                                                                                                          - Giant cell Arteritis
                                                                                                                          - Ehlers - Danlos Syndrome

Sub Valvular                                                                                                      - Discrete sub aortic stenosis

                                                                                                                          - VSD with aortic regurgitation due to prolapse

Majority of elderly hypertensive patients have trivial to mild aortic regurgitation due to varying degrees of root dilatation due to hypertension and degenerative changes in the valve. However, they are rarely of clinical importance and may not progress to severe aortic regurgitation.


Related Discussions:- Define aortic regurgitation

Central carbons participate in the union between amino acids, Q. Do the -R ...

Q. Do the -R groups bound to the central carbons participate in the union between amino acids? The peptide bond attaches the nitrogen of the amine group of one amino acid to th

Oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate, Oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate ...

Oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate Oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate: Malate  is oxidized to oxaloacetate  by malate dehydrogenase and NAD'  is  required as coenzyme.  Thi

What then are antioxidants?what is their role as additive, What then are an...

What then are antioxidants?What is their role as additive Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftIn

C dna amplification, Steps of C dna amplification 1.  Smart-pcr amplif...

Steps of C dna amplification 1.  Smart-pcr amplification of cdna is the technique which initiates with the change of mrna to cdna utilizing mmlv-rt, mutated in the rnase h dom

Particulate theory - pre-mendelian theory, Particulate Theory (i)      ...

Particulate Theory (i)         Maupertuis (1689-1759) proposed that the body of each parent give rise to minute particles. (ii)         In sexual reproduction, these particl

Which are the plant tissues that form the plant roots, Which are the plant ...

Which are the plant tissues that form the plant roots? The roots have a central portion known as medulla made of vascular tissue (inner xylem and outer phloem). The medulla is

Explain the the system of the nomenclature, Explain the The system of the n...

Explain the The system of the nomenclature The system of the nomenclature and the classification of enzymes is based exclusively on the reaction that is catalyzed and does not

Why does the recombination frequency of genes vary, Why does the recombinat...

Why does the recombination frequency of genes vary with the distance between them in the chromosome? The farther the distance among the loci of two genes in a chromosome the hi

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd