Define aortic regurgitation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Q. Define Aortic regurgitation?

Aortic regurgitation is a common valvular disease that may present chronically or acutely. Normally the integrity of valve closure depends upon the anatomy of valve leaflets and on three dimensional geometry of aortic root and sinuses of Valsalva. Wide variety of causes may lead to aortic regurgitation. Usually 50 per cent of valve replacements are due to diseases of valve and 50 per cent due to root disease. However, in India predominant cause of aortic valve replacement is still rheumatic.

Table : Causes of Aortic Regurgitation

                                                                  Acute                                             - Aortic dissection
                                                                                                                       - Trauma
                                                                                                                       - Leaflet perforation due to endocarditis
Chronic

                                                                 Valve leaflet disease                         - Congenital
                                                                                                                              Bicuspid
                                                                                                                              Unicuspid
                                                                                                                              Quadricuspid
                                                                                                                              Fenestrations
                                                                                                                         - Rheumatic
                                                                                                                         - Infective endocarditis
                                                                                                                         - Myxomatous degeneration
                                                                                                                         - Fibro calcific degeneration
                                                                                                                         - Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

                                                                                                                          - Rheumatoid
                                                                                                                          - Pharmacological agents

                                                                Aortic Root Disease                          - Hypertension
                                                                                                                          - Idiopathic root dilatation
                                                                                                                          - Marfan's Syndrome
                                                                                                                          - Aortic dissection
                                                                                                                          - Annuloaortic ecstasia
                                                                                                                          - Cystic medial necrosis
                                                                                                                          - Syphilis
                                                                                                                          - Ankylosing spondylosis
                                                                                                                          - Takayasu arteritis
                                                                                                                          - Psoriatic arthritis
                                                                                                                          - Reiter's Syndrome
                                                                                                                          - Relapsing Polychondritis
                                                                                                                          - Kawasaki disease
                                                                                                                          - Osteogeneses imperfecta
                                                                                                                          - Giant cell Arteritis
                                                                                                                          - Ehlers - Danlos Syndrome

Sub Valvular                                                                                                      - Discrete sub aortic stenosis

                                                                                                                          - VSD with aortic regurgitation due to prolapse

Majority of elderly hypertensive patients have trivial to mild aortic regurgitation due to varying degrees of root dilatation due to hypertension and degenerative changes in the valve. However, they are rarely of clinical importance and may not progress to severe aortic regurgitation.


Related Discussions:- Define aortic regurgitation

Homework, How do adhesion and cohesion help plants move materials?

How do adhesion and cohesion help plants move materials?

Animal Respiration, What type of respiration does earthworm has ? In many c...

What type of respiration does earthworm has ? In many complex animals, the cells of internal organs are distant from the outside environment; respiratory systems provide the passag

Explain three basic sexual life cycles studied in biology, What are the thr...

What are the three basic sexual life cycles studied in Biology? Which of them corresponds to metagenesis? Which of them is the human life cycle? Sexual reproduction may take pl

Tuberculosis, Tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient disease of ...

Tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient disease of man, animals and birds. It is an infectious disease, characterized by slow development of tubercles in almost any organ

Indicator organism, a) What are the needsfor an organism to be an indicator...

a) What are the needsfor an organism to be an indicator organism? b)  In Australia, National Parks and coastal beaches attract various visitors during holiday periods.  EPA is

What is secondary structure of a protein, Q. What is secondary structure of...

Q. What is secondary structure of a protein? The secondary protein structure is creating by the manner its amino acids interact through the intermolecular bond. These communica

What are the main bryophyte groups, What are the main bryophyte groups? ...

What are the main bryophyte groups? The main bryophyte groups are the mosses, the liverworts and the hornworts. Image Diversity: mosses liverworts hornworts

List various liver function tests, Question 1 List various liver function ...

Question 1 List various liver function tests. Discuss the importance of each test. Add a note on standardization of various liver function tests Question 2 Discuss the follow

What are yeast, Q. What are yeast? Yeasts are unicellular fungi, which ...

Q. What are yeast? Yeasts are unicellular fungi, which are widely distributed in nature. They are somewhat larger than bacteria. The cell length is about 10μm and the diameter

What is arsenite inhibitor, What is Arsenite  inhibitor Arsenite inhib...

What is Arsenite  inhibitor Arsenite inhibits synthesis of ATP,  in the conversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate  to 3- phosphoglycerate, by  causing uncoupling of oxidation and

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd