Deficiency diseases-osteomalacia, Biology

Assignment Help:


Osteomalacia

Similar to rickets in young growing animals, osteomalacia is a disease of mature animals caused by absolute or relative deficiency of any one or combination of calcium, phosphorous and/or vitamin D. The disease is characterized by osteoporosis, weakness and deformity of bones.
Aetiology: The aetiology of rickets and osteoporosis is generally same. The predisposing factors include increase demands of calcium and phosphorous during lactation and pregnancy.


Clinical findings: Signs of osteomalacia in early stage are similar to those in phosphorous deficiency and include unthriftiness, infertility, reduced productivity and allotriophagia. Affected cattle may suffer from obstruction of oesophagus and traumatic reticuloperitonitis, lead toxicosis and botulism due to licking and chewing of inanimate objects. Fracture of ribs, pelvis and long bones, and spinal deformity such as lordosis  or kyphosis can be seen. Painful condition of bones and joints is manifested by stiff gait, lameness and crackling sounds while walking. Hind limbs are severely affected and hocks may be rotated in ward. Affected cattle are reluctant to move and lie down. They are unwilling to rise, as such disease popularly known as ‘pegleg’, ‘creeper’,‘stiffs’ and ‘bog-lame’ since high yielding cows suffer more severely giving ‘milkleg’ or ‘milk lameness’ names to the disease. Affected sows become recumbent and are unable to rise. They remain in lateral recumbency or in ‘dog sitting’ posture. Fracture of shaft or neck of femur is common characteristic clinical findings.

Diagnosis: Serum alkaline phosphatase activity, and bone histology are of diagnostic value. The disease must be differentiated from chronic fluorosis, polysynovitis, arthritis and spinal cord compression. Fluorosis can be confirmed by analysis of water and feed supply for excess fluorine levels.

Treatment and prevention: Treatment and preventive measures include connection of deficiencies and imbalance in diet.


Related Discussions:- Deficiency diseases-osteomalacia

Artificial respiration, Artificial respiration First - aid for drown...

Artificial respiration First - aid for drowning victims should aim to restore respiration as quickly as possible. First of all, nose, mouth and throat of the victim shoul

Define term population, What is a population? In Biology a population i...

What is a population? In Biology a population is a set of individuals of the similar species living in a given place and in a given time.

Health hazards with poor management of bio-medical waste, Health Hazards wi...

Health Hazards with poor management of Bio-medical waste Health hazards associated with poor management of Bio-medical waste are: - Injury from sharps to staff and waste han

Chronic exposure of cadmium, Q. Chronic exposure of Cadmium? An increa...

Q. Chronic exposure of Cadmium? An increase in the soil cadmium content due to soil pollution by industrial wastes, burning of coal, fossil fuels, sewage sludge, medical and

Determine the alpha-islet cells of the pancreas, Determine the alpha-islet ...

Determine the alpha-islet cells of the pancreas. Person X is a healthy human who has volunteered to take experimental drug Y.  Person X has a normal dinner at 6 PM on April 1 a

How chloroplasts multiply, Q. How chloroplasts multiply? Like mitochond...

Q. How chloroplasts multiply? Like mitochondria chloroplasts have their own the DNA, ribosomes and RNA and they self-replicate through binary division.

Rk, how many chromosomes in human

how many chromosomes in human

Define interferons - humoral mechanisms, Define Interferons - Humoral Mecha...

Define Interferons - Humoral Mechanisms Interferons are soluble proteins secreted naturally when cells become infected by foreign bodies. Infected lymphocytes release interfero

Menstrual cycle- reproduction, Menstrual Cycle- Reproduction Menstrual...

Menstrual Cycle- Reproduction Menstrual cycles are characteristic of primates and do not occur in other vertebrate groups. The length of the cycle is highly variable, though 2

Haccp control point, HACCP Control Point  HACCP Control Point :  Any...

HACCP Control Point  HACCP Control Point :  Any step at which biological, chemical or physical factors can be controlled.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd