Deficiency diseases-osteomalacia, Biology

Assignment Help:


Osteomalacia

Similar to rickets in young growing animals, osteomalacia is a disease of mature animals caused by absolute or relative deficiency of any one or combination of calcium, phosphorous and/or vitamin D. The disease is characterized by osteoporosis, weakness and deformity of bones.
Aetiology: The aetiology of rickets and osteoporosis is generally same. The predisposing factors include increase demands of calcium and phosphorous during lactation and pregnancy.


Clinical findings: Signs of osteomalacia in early stage are similar to those in phosphorous deficiency and include unthriftiness, infertility, reduced productivity and allotriophagia. Affected cattle may suffer from obstruction of oesophagus and traumatic reticuloperitonitis, lead toxicosis and botulism due to licking and chewing of inanimate objects. Fracture of ribs, pelvis and long bones, and spinal deformity such as lordosis  or kyphosis can be seen. Painful condition of bones and joints is manifested by stiff gait, lameness and crackling sounds while walking. Hind limbs are severely affected and hocks may be rotated in ward. Affected cattle are reluctant to move and lie down. They are unwilling to rise, as such disease popularly known as ‘pegleg’, ‘creeper’,‘stiffs’ and ‘bog-lame’ since high yielding cows suffer more severely giving ‘milkleg’ or ‘milk lameness’ names to the disease. Affected sows become recumbent and are unable to rise. They remain in lateral recumbency or in ‘dog sitting’ posture. Fracture of shaft or neck of femur is common characteristic clinical findings.

Diagnosis: Serum alkaline phosphatase activity, and bone histology are of diagnostic value. The disease must be differentiated from chronic fluorosis, polysynovitis, arthritis and spinal cord compression. Fluorosis can be confirmed by analysis of water and feed supply for excess fluorine levels.

Treatment and prevention: Treatment and preventive measures include connection of deficiencies and imbalance in diet.


Related Discussions:- Deficiency diseases-osteomalacia

Currents in estuaries, Currents in Estuaries Currents in estuaries are...

Currents in Estuaries Currents in estuaries are caused primarily by tidal action and river flow. Currents are generally confined to channels but velocities up to several knots

Cavity development, A complete gut is sometimes called tube within a tube. ...

A complete gut is sometimes called tube within a tube. Why?

Dilute this concentration of cells to yield 300 cells, For a particular ass...

For a particular assay, you require cells at a concentration of 300 cells per ml. In your flask of cells growing you counted a sample using a hemacytometer and found that you have

Ecological evidence of organisms to environment, Q. Ecological Evidence of ...

Q. Ecological Evidence of organisms to environment? Ecology is concerned with organisms in relationships to their environment. These relationships may be classified as biotic,

Determine the case when starches treated with heat, Determine the case when...

Determine the case when starches treated with heat In the case of starches treated with heat in presence of acid or alkali, the alteration is a minor fragmentation; similarly,

Microarrays, how can you find the coded genes for each piece of DNA?

how can you find the coded genes for each piece of DNA?

Explain the parts of plasma membrane, The plasma membrane consists mainly o...

The plasma membrane consists mainly of: 1. Phospholipids embedded in a protein bilayer 2. Proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer 3. Proteins embedded in a polymer of

Peculiarities of mitosis - cleavage, Peculiarities of Mitosis - Cleavage ...

Peculiarities of Mitosis - Cleavage From the following you will learn that the mitosis in the phase of cleavage has some striking peculiarities: a) Synchronization of cell

Heparin, HE P ARIN It is highly sulphated mucopolysaccharide made ...

HE P ARIN It is highly sulphated mucopolysaccharide made of alternate units of glucosamine and glucuronic acid. Heparin is mainly produced by liver and mast cells. I

Explain the objectives of taxonomy, Explain the Objectives of Taxonomy ...

Explain the Objectives of Taxonomy Let us summarise the objectives of taxonomy: 1. To inventory the world flora and fauna 2. To provide a method for identification and co

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd