Deficiency diseases-osteomalacia, Biology

Assignment Help:


Osteomalacia

Similar to rickets in young growing animals, osteomalacia is a disease of mature animals caused by absolute or relative deficiency of any one or combination of calcium, phosphorous and/or vitamin D. The disease is characterized by osteoporosis, weakness and deformity of bones.
Aetiology: The aetiology of rickets and osteoporosis is generally same. The predisposing factors include increase demands of calcium and phosphorous during lactation and pregnancy.


Clinical findings: Signs of osteomalacia in early stage are similar to those in phosphorous deficiency and include unthriftiness, infertility, reduced productivity and allotriophagia. Affected cattle may suffer from obstruction of oesophagus and traumatic reticuloperitonitis, lead toxicosis and botulism due to licking and chewing of inanimate objects. Fracture of ribs, pelvis and long bones, and spinal deformity such as lordosis  or kyphosis can be seen. Painful condition of bones and joints is manifested by stiff gait, lameness and crackling sounds while walking. Hind limbs are severely affected and hocks may be rotated in ward. Affected cattle are reluctant to move and lie down. They are unwilling to rise, as such disease popularly known as ‘pegleg’, ‘creeper’,‘stiffs’ and ‘bog-lame’ since high yielding cows suffer more severely giving ‘milkleg’ or ‘milk lameness’ names to the disease. Affected sows become recumbent and are unable to rise. They remain in lateral recumbency or in ‘dog sitting’ posture. Fracture of shaft or neck of femur is common characteristic clinical findings.

Diagnosis: Serum alkaline phosphatase activity, and bone histology are of diagnostic value. The disease must be differentiated from chronic fluorosis, polysynovitis, arthritis and spinal cord compression. Fluorosis can be confirmed by analysis of water and feed supply for excess fluorine levels.

Treatment and prevention: Treatment and preventive measures include connection of deficiencies and imbalance in diet.


Related Discussions:- Deficiency diseases-osteomalacia

Who was gregor mendel, Who was Gregor Mendel? The Mendel is considered ...

Who was Gregor Mendel? The Mendel is considered the father of Genetics. He was a monk, botanist and biologist born in Austria in 1822 and who died in 1884. Throughout the years

Iron deficiency anaemia, Iron Deficiency Anaemia   This is the most com...

Iron Deficiency Anaemia   This is the most common nutritional and haematologic disorder  in infancy and chhildhood in developing countries. It is caused by lack of sufficient i

Trophic level - ecosystem, Trophic Level - Ecosystem In an ecosystem, ...

Trophic Level - Ecosystem In an ecosystem, the various biotic components are related to each other and form food chains. If we group all the organisms in a food chain accordin

Illustrate adaptation to terrestrial life, Q. Why can the allantois be cons...

Q. Why can the allantois be considered an adaptation to terrestrial life? The allantois is an adaptation to dry land because in embryos of oviparous terrestrial beings like bir

Explain what is light microscope - microscopy, Explain what is Light Micros...

Explain what is Light Microscope - Microscopy Modern light microscopes are compound microscopes. Here the magnified image formed by the objective lens is further enlarged by on

Diagrammatic representation of implant placement, Diagrammatic representati...

Diagrammatic representation of Implant placement Implant placementIt is located directly apical to the tooth it is replacing and not in an embrasure space. The angulati

Study giude, how many atoms are H2SO4 compound

how many atoms are H2SO4 compound

Functions of ovary, Functions of Ovary The ovary of vertebrates perfor...

Functions of Ovary The ovary of vertebrates performs the following functions:   Production of eggs, Synthesis of hormones needed for the chemical coordination of repr

What is the production of the rna, Q. What is the production of the RNA cal...

Q. What is the production of the RNA called and what is the enzyme that catalyzes the procedure? The making of the RNA from information contained in the DNA is called transcrip

Sharps-hazards in biology laboratory, SHARPS : Cuts due to careless handli...

SHARPS : Cuts due to careless handling of sharps such as sectioning razors, microtome blades etc. are probably the most common cause of injury in the biology lab. The only real re

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd