Deficiency diseases-osteomalacia, Biology

Assignment Help:


Osteomalacia

Similar to rickets in young growing animals, osteomalacia is a disease of mature animals caused by absolute or relative deficiency of any one or combination of calcium, phosphorous and/or vitamin D. The disease is characterized by osteoporosis, weakness and deformity of bones.
Aetiology: The aetiology of rickets and osteoporosis is generally same. The predisposing factors include increase demands of calcium and phosphorous during lactation and pregnancy.


Clinical findings: Signs of osteomalacia in early stage are similar to those in phosphorous deficiency and include unthriftiness, infertility, reduced productivity and allotriophagia. Affected cattle may suffer from obstruction of oesophagus and traumatic reticuloperitonitis, lead toxicosis and botulism due to licking and chewing of inanimate objects. Fracture of ribs, pelvis and long bones, and spinal deformity such as lordosis  or kyphosis can be seen. Painful condition of bones and joints is manifested by stiff gait, lameness and crackling sounds while walking. Hind limbs are severely affected and hocks may be rotated in ward. Affected cattle are reluctant to move and lie down. They are unwilling to rise, as such disease popularly known as ‘pegleg’, ‘creeper’,‘stiffs’ and ‘bog-lame’ since high yielding cows suffer more severely giving ‘milkleg’ or ‘milk lameness’ names to the disease. Affected sows become recumbent and are unable to rise. They remain in lateral recumbency or in ‘dog sitting’ posture. Fracture of shaft or neck of femur is common characteristic clinical findings.

Diagnosis: Serum alkaline phosphatase activity, and bone histology are of diagnostic value. The disease must be differentiated from chronic fluorosis, polysynovitis, arthritis and spinal cord compression. Fluorosis can be confirmed by analysis of water and feed supply for excess fluorine levels.

Treatment and prevention: Treatment and preventive measures include connection of deficiencies and imbalance in diet.


Related Discussions:- Deficiency diseases-osteomalacia

Cows of identical genotype - polled condition, 1. A roan bull which is hete...

1. A roan bull which is heterozygous for the polled condition is mated to several cows of identical genotype to his. How many roan, polled animals should be produced out of 16?

Dna vs protein, Describe the difference between dna and protein. (structura...

Describe the difference between dna and protein. (structural unit, linkage bond, primary and spatial structure)

Explain the laminar flow hood - biological safety cabinet, Explain the Lami...

Explain the Laminar Flow Hood - Biological Safety Cabinet? It illustrates the laminar flow hood. As you can see, this biological safety cabinet contains HEPA (high efficiency p

Role of government in health care provision, Role of Government in Health C...

Role of Government in Health Care Provision The government intervenes in the health sector with a general view of improving the health status of the people. In general governm

Mechanism of circulatory system, MECHANISM - 1 .      AURICULAR SYSTO...

MECHANISM - 1 .      AURICULAR SYSTOLE - First of all from complete body impure blood comes in R.A. by superior and inferior vena cava or pre and post cavals. Pure blo

What is schistosomiasis, Q. What is schistosomiasis? The Schistosomiasi...

Q. What is schistosomiasis? The Schistosomiasis is a worm infection caused by schistosomes, a species of flatworms (platyhelminthes). The disease is common in Latin America and

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of colour, Q. Qualitative and Quantit...

Q. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Colour? Primarily, two types of analysis are carried out for food colours - qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative analysi

Define corneal scar - micronutrient deficiencies, Define Corneal Scar - Mic...

Define Corneal Scar - Micronutrient Deficiencies? The corneal ulcer, on healing, leaves a white scar, which may vary in size depending upon the size of the ulcer. When the scar

Discovery of the cell, Q. Describe the Discovery of the Cell? Ans: The ...

Q. Describe the Discovery of the Cell? Ans: The discovery that living organisms are composed of cells was made by an Englishman, Robert Hooke, in 1665. Hooke used the light mic

Explain the endosperm of angiosperms, How different are the endosperm of gy...

How different are the endosperm of gymnosperms and the endosperm of angiosperms? In gymnosperms the endosperm is haploid (n), it is known as primary endosperm. In angiosperm th

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd