Deficiency diseases-neonatal hypoglycaemia, Biology

Assignment Help:

Neonatal  hypoglycaemia

Hypoglycaemia is a metabolic condition of newborn piglets that develops in first few days of life due to decreased caloric intake and increased catabolism.

Aetiology: Inadequate intake of milk by newborn piglets and diseases associated with enteropathy contribute to onset of hypoglycaemia. Neonatal factors such as weakness, prepartum asphyxia, or competition amongst siblings or maternal factors such as agalactia, mastitis or maternal rejection can be associated with poor nursing and hypoglycaemia. Under fasting conditions, newborn piglets below 4 days of age develop hypoglycaemia more rapidly than the older piglets. Secondary hypoglycaemia may be associated with diseases like coliform septicaemia, transmissible gastro- enteritis, streptococcal infection and haemolytic diseases of newborn.Hypoglycaemia may also occur in new born calves, foals, kids and lambs. In calves the condition may be associated with diarrhoea and due to non-availability of milk.Septicaemia with loss of nursing vigour is the most common cause of hypoglycaemia in foals. Undersized twin or triplet lambs are more likely to develop hypoglycaemia under extreme cold condition or state of hypothermia.


Clinical findings:
Piglets under one week of age present typical signs of disease characterized by incoordination, shivering, dullness, and anorexia, subnormal temperature, cold clammy skin and pallor and ruffling hair. There is progressive weakness and convulsion followed by recumbency, coma and death within 24-36 hours. Clinical signs in other species are similar to those observed in piglets. However, nervous signs are most common in piglets than other species.


Diagnosis: Hypoglycaemia should be differentiated from diseases like coliform septicaemia, encephalomyelitis and pseudorabies, bacterial maningio-encephatitis in piglets; watery mouth disease in lambs and septicaemias in foals. Blood glucose concentration < 50 mg/dl in piglets and <40 mg/dl in calves is suggestive of hypoglycaemia.


Treatment and Prevention: Intraperitoneal administration of 15 ml of 20% glucose at 4-6 hourly interval and provision of warm environment are effective in treatment of hypoglycaemia. Administration of colostrum alongwith 20 ml of 5% glucose intragastrically and induced milk let down in sows help in preventing mortality. Hypoglycaemic lambs can be given 20% glucose solution intraperitoneally @ of 10 ml/kg body weight.Avoidance of causative factors, proper nursing of piglets during first week of their age and provision of warm environment (35°C) can prevent occurrence of the disease. Lambs and kids should be fed adequate colostrum (200 ml/kg body weight).

 


Related Discussions:- Deficiency diseases-neonatal hypoglycaemia

State in brief about the term - calcium and magnesium, State in brief about...

State in brief about the term - Calcium and Magnesium  Exchangeable forms of these ions are considered to be available nutrients. The concentration from extractant is found by

Describe lifetime risk estimation, Describe Lifetime Risk Estimation ? ...

Describe Lifetime Risk Estimation ? Traditional statistical and epidemiological methods of estimating long-term risks do not accurately reflect population burden of disease. Th

What is the importance of vitamin B6, What is the Importance of vitamin B 6...

What is the Importance of vitamin B 6 In the human and animal organisms, vitamin B 6 acts in the form of pyridoxal. In the form of 5'-orthophosphate (Pyridoxal-5'-phosphate),

Chloroplast, Chloroplast In plants, chloroplasts are the essential o...

Chloroplast In plants, chloroplasts are the essential organelles for carrying out photosynthesis. Chloroplasts are found in all green plants. Chloroplast occurs mainly

Composition of individual phase in phase diagram – one phase, Define Compos...

Define Composition of Individual Phase in Phase Diagram - One Phase? The way in which we interpret a two-dimensional phase diagram to obtain the compositions of individual phas

Advanced nervous systems - general trend in evolution, Advanced Nervous Sys...

Advanced Nervous Systems - General Trend In Evolution In higher groups of animals you will observe clear trends towards centralisation of the nervous system, to maximize effe

Medtronic hancock-biological valves, Medtronic Hancock (Standard Model) :  ...

Medtronic Hancock (Standard Model) :  These are gluteraldehyde preserved xenograft aortic valve, which are mounted. The modified orifice version (M-0) is one where the right

Nutrition, The oxidation of sugar in the cell of higher organisms takes pla...

The oxidation of sugar in the cell of higher organisms takes place in the ?

Define ergogenic and for training and competition, Define Ergogenic and for...

Define Ergogenic and for training and competition? There is always our desire to work with the body more .than its capability. This is more so in case of athletes. They wish to

Db is a standard abbreviation, DB is a standard abbreviation used for the q...

DB is a standard abbreviation used for the quantitative expression of: 1. the density of bacteria in a medium 2. a particular pollutant 3. the dominant Bacillus in a cultu

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd