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Declaring Records
Whenever you define a RECORD type, you may declare records of that type, as the illustration shows:
DECLARE
TYPE StockItem IS RECORD (
item_no INTEGER(3),
description VARCHAR2(50),
quantity INTEGER,
price REAL(7,2));
item_info StckItem; -- declare record
The identifier item_info represents the whole record.
Like the scalar variables, the user-defined records can be declared as the formal parameters of the procedures and functions. An illustration is as shown:
TYPE EmpRec IS RECORD (
emp_id emp.empno%TYPE,
last_name VARCHAR2(10),
job_title VARCHAR2(15),
salary NUMBER(7,2));
...
PROCEDURE raise_salary (emp_info EmpRec);
Avoiding Collection Exceptions In many cases, if you reference a nonexistent collection element, then PL/SQL raises a predefined exception. Consider the illustration shown b
Effects of NULL for union - SQL The treatment of NULL in invocations of EXCEPT is as for UNION. This is different from its treatment in those of NOT IN and quantified compari
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The SQL ‘CREATE TABLE' scripts for all the tables you have implemented. Note that your tables must correspond exactly to the ERD you have provided in 1. above, or you will lose ma
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What Are Subprograms? The Subprograms are named PL/SQL blocks which can take parameters and be invoked. The PL/SQL has 2 types of subprograms known as the procedure s and func
If two relations R and S are joined, then the non matching tuples of both R and S are ignored in __________________.
EXIT Statement You can use the EXIT statement to exit a loop. The EXIT statement has 2 forms: the conditional EXIT WHEN and the unconditional EXIT. With the either form, you
The Package Body The package specification is implemented by the package body. That is, the package body has the definition of every cursor and the subprogram declared in the p
FORALL Statement The FORALL statements instruct the PL/SQL engine to bulk-bind the input collections before sending them to the SQL engine. Though the FORALL statement consists
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