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Declaring Exceptions
The Exceptions can be declared only in the declarative part of the PL/SQL subprogram, block, or package. By introducing its name, you can declare an exception followed by the keyword EXCEPTION. In the illustration below, you declare an exception named past_due:
DECLARE
past_due EXCEPTION;
The Exception and variable declarations are alike. But keep in mind that, an exception is an error condition, not a data item. Unlike variables, the exceptions cannot appear in the assignment statements or the SQL statements. Though, the same scope rules apply to the variables and exceptions.
Cursor Variables As Parameters You can declare the cursor variables as the formal parameters of the functions and procedures. In the illustration below, you define the REF CUR
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Loop Labels Like the PL/SQL blocks, loops can also be labeled. The label, an undeclared identifier enclosed by double angle brackets, should appear at the beginning of the LOOP
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Initializing Objects: Till you initialize an object by calling the constructor for its object type, the object is automatically null. That is, the object itself is null, not me
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