Declarations in sql-pl/sql, PL-SQL Programming

Assignment Help:

Declarations in SQL

Your program stores values in the variables and constants. As the program executes, the value of the variables can change, but the values constants cannot.

 

You can declare the variables and constants in the declarative part of any PL/SQL block, package, or subprogram. The Declarations allocate the storage space for a value, state its datatype, and name the storage location and hence, you can reference it.

 

A couple of examples are shown below:

 

birthday DATE;

emp_count SMALLINT := 0;

The first declaration names a variable of the type DATE. The second declaration names a variable of the type SMALLINT and uses the assignment operator to assign an initial value of zero to the variable.

 

The example next show that the expression following the assignment operator can be arbitrarily complex and can refer to the earlier initialized variables:

 

pi REAL := 3.14159;

radius REAL := 1;

area REAL := pi * radius**2;

 

By default, the variables are initialized to NULL. So, these declarations are equal:

 

birthday DATE;

birthday DATE := NULL;

 

In the declaration of a constant, the keyword CONSTANT should precede the type of the specifier, as the example below shows:

 

credit_limit CONSTANT REAL := 5000.00;

 

This declaration names a constant of the type REAL and assigns an initial value of 5000 to the constant. The constant must be initialized in its declaration. Or else, you get a compilation error whenever the declaration is elaborated. (The procedure of a declaration by the PL/SQL compiler is known as the elaboration.)


Related Discussions:- Declarations in sql-pl/sql

Advantages of wrapping, Advantages of Wrapping   The PL/SQL Wrapper co...

Advantages of Wrapping   The PL/SQL Wrapper convert the PL/SQL source code into a transitional form of the object code. By hiding the application internals, the Wrapper secure

Exit-when - iterative control, EXIT-WHEN The EXIT-WHEN statement permits...

EXIT-WHEN The EXIT-WHEN statement permits a loop to complete conditionally. Whenever the EXIT statement is encountered, the condition in the WHEN clause is computed. When the co

Selecting objects in pl sql, Selecting Objects: Suppose that you have ...

Selecting Objects: Suppose that you have run the SQL*Plus script below that creates object type Person and object table persons, and that you have settled the table: CREATE

Case sensitivity-naming conventions, Case Sensitivity Similar to all the...

Case Sensitivity Similar to all the identifiers, the variables, the names of constants, and parameters are not case sensitive. For illustration, PL/SQL considers the following n

Grouping and ungrouping in sql, Grouping and Ungrouping in SQL Example...

Grouping and Ungrouping in SQL Example specifying EXAM_MARK in place of COURSE in the main FROM clause. Example: Obtaining C_ER2 from EXAM_MARK SELECT CourseId, CAST

Keyword and parameter description - cursors, Keyword and Parameter Descript...

Keyword and Parameter Description select_statement: This is a query which returns a result set of the rows. Its syntax is such that of select_ into_statement without the IN

Delete command - sql, DELETE Command - SQL Loosely speaking, DELETE re...

DELETE Command - SQL Loosely speaking, DELETE removes some existing rows from its target table. Suppose the university decides that course C3 is to be withdrawn. Example shows

Dynamic ranges- iterative control, Dynamic Ranges The PL/SQL lets you det...

Dynamic Ranges The PL/SQL lets you determine the loop range dynamically at run time, as the example below shows: SELECT COUNT(empno) INTO emp_count FROM emp; FOR i IN 1..emp_cou

Iterative control: loop statement, Iterative Control: LOOP  Statements T...

Iterative Control: LOOP  Statements The LOOP statement executes a series of statements multiple times. There are 3 forms of LOOP statements: LOOP, WHILE-LOOP, & FOR-LOOP. LOOP

I need a ppd-cpa or filesharing site, PPD , CPA, Filesharing Site Projec...

PPD , CPA, Filesharing Site Project Description: This is very easy I need a PPD , CPA, Filesharing Site. [PPD] stands for (pay per download) example hotsharecash [Files

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd