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Data Types in SQL - Character
CHARACTER or, synonymously, CHAR, for character strings. When this type is to be the declared type of something (e.g., a column), the permissible values are further constrained by a maximum length specification given in parentheses and optionally by the key word VARYING, indicating that values shorter than the maximum, including the empty string '' , are also permissible. Examples: CHAR(5) for strings of five characters only, CHARACTER VARYING (100), which can be abbreviated to VARCHAR(100), for strings of up to one hundred characters. The last two are alternative spellings for the same declared type.
The type CHARACTER LARGE OBJECT, or CLOB, allows for inclusion of strings that are longer than the longest supported by the other CHARACTER types. Note that in the terminology of the theory book CHARACTER is a kind of type generator. The key word does not of itself denote a type, but only does so when qualified by a length specification. A similar remark applies to some of the other type names used in SQL.
Opening a Cursor Opening the cursor executes the query & identifies the result set that consists of all rows that meet the query search criteria. For the cursors declared usin
Collection Methods: The collection method is a built-in function or procedure which operates on the collections and is called using the dot notation. The methods like the C
%ISOPEN The %ISOPEN yields TRUE if its cursor or cursor variable is open; or else, the %ISOPEN yields FALSE. In the illustration, you use the %ISOPEN to select an action:
query to Find the account numbers of all customers whose balance is more than 10,000 $
%FOUND Subsequent to a cursor or cursor variable is opened but before the first fetch, the %FOUND yields NULL. Afterward, it yields TRUE when the last fetch returned a row, or
Package Body: The package specification is implemented by the package body. That is, the package body has the definition of every cursor and the subprogram declared in the pac
DBMS_OUTPUT: The Package DBMS_OUTPUT enables you to display output from the PL/SQL subprograms and blocks, that makes it easier to test and debug them. The procedure put_ line
Definition of CROSS JOIN - SQL Let s = t1 CROSS JOIN t2, where t1 and t2 are table expressions optionally accompanied by range variables. Then: Note: Here T denotes Table
Product-specific Packages The Oracle and different Oracle tools are supplied with the product-specific packages which help you to build the PL/SQL-based applications. For illus
Using the student and faculty tables create a select query that outputs all students for a specific advisor. Generate the execution plan, select out the explain plan . Create an
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