Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Data rates in PSTNs:
A voice channel in a PSTN is band limited with a nominal bandwidth of 3.1 kHz. A first-cut estimate of this can be attained from Nyquist's theorem that applies to noiseless channels and states:
R = 2H log V bps
Where
R = maximum data rate H = bandwidth of the channel V = number of discrete levels in the signal
For a 3-kHz channel and a binary signal, maximum data rate works out to be 600 bps, if channel is ideal. In a practical channel, maximum rate would come down. By increasing number of levels used to signify the signal, bit rate can be increased arbitrarily in a noiseless channel. It is significant to recognize that actual number of signal transitions is still limited to binary level limit; effective bit rate goes up with more than twosignal levels as each signal level can nowsignify a group of two or more bits. Maximum rate of signal transitions which can be supported by a channel is called symbol rate or baud rate. In a channel where noise is present, there is an absolute maximum limit for the bit rate. This limit arises as the difference between two signal levels becomes comparable to the noise level when number of signal level is increased. Claude Shannon extended Nyquist's work to case of noisy channels affected by thermal or random noise. Shannon's result defines;
R = H log (1+S/N)
Where R= the maximum bit rate obtainable
H= bandwidth of the channel
S/N = signal to noise ratio.
There are three types of buses. Address bus: This is used to carry the Address to the memory to get either Instruction or Data. Data bus : This is used to take the Data from
how to calculate voltage when 3 voltage sources are given?
#quesFind a minimum two level, multiple-output AND-OR gate circuit to realize these functions (eight gates minimum). F1(a,b,c,d) =Sm(10,11,12,15) +D (4,8,14) F2(a,b,c,d) =Sm(4,11
Power MOSFET MOSFET stands for metal oxide semiconductor fields effect transistor. A power MOSFET has three terminal drain source and gate,. It is unipolar device me
Explain the meaning of Ring Counters? A ring counter is fundamentally a circulating shift register in which the output of the most significant stage is fed back to the input of
List the addressing modes supported by 8051. 1. Register addressing 2. Direct addressing 3. Register indirect addressing 4. Immediate addressing 5.Register addres
Q. What is Schokleys Equation. Find out a relation between Vgs and Ids? Schokleys Equation is used for defining the relation between the Gate source voltage and the Drain curre
why bypass capacitor is used
GIS Benefits: Improving financial viability. Reduction of T&D losses. Improving customer satisfaction. Raising reliability of power supply. Improving qual
This assignment is to develop a User Requirements Specification for an electronic monitor and alarm system for an Oil Separator in Surface Water Drainage Systems. These separato
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +1-415-670-9521
Phone: +1-415-670-9521
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd