Data packets - universal serial bus, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Data packets:

A data packet consists of the PID which is followed a 16-bit CRC and by 0-1023 bytes of data payload (up to 1024 in high speed and at most 8 at low speed)

There are 2 basic data packets, DATA0 and DATA1. They have to always be preceded by an address token, and are typically followed by a handshake token from the receiver back to the transmitter. The 2 packet types provide the 1-bit sequence number needed by Stop-and-wait ARQ. If a USB host does not retain a response (such as an ACK) for data it has transmitted, it doesn't know if the data was retained or not; the data may have been lost in transit, or it may have been received but the handshake response was lost.

To solve this type of problem, the device keeps track of the type of DATA x packet it last accepted. If it retains another DATA x packet of the similar type, it is acknowledged but ignored as a case of duplicate. Only a DATA x packet of the opposite type is really received.

When a device is reset having a SETUP packet, it expects an 8-byte DATA0 packet next.

USB 2.0 added DATA2 and MDATA packet types as well. They are used just by high-speed devices doing high-bandwidth isochronous transfers which required transferring more than 1024 bytes per 125 µs "micro frame" (8192 kB/s),PRE "packet"

Low-speed components are supported with a special PID value, PRE. It marks the beginning of a low-speed packet, and it is used by hubs which usually do not send full-speed packets to low-speed devices. As all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the FS(full speed)K state, which is the similar as the low-speed J state. It is followed by a deep pause during which hubs enable their low-speed outputs that is already idling in the J state, then a low-speed packet follows the starting with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a deep period of SE0. Full-speed components other than hubs can simply avoid the PRE packet and its low-speed contents, till the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.


Related Discussions:- Data packets - universal serial bus

Cloud computing, When Workday opened in 2005, the company had no idea it wo...

When Workday opened in 2005, the company had no idea it would be regarded as the most successful IPO of 2012. The introduction of cloud computing into the HR and financial systems

Identify the main enhancements brought along by tkip, Question: (a) Id...

Question: (a) Identify the four main enhancements brought along by TKIP on WPA to solve the problems in WEP. (b) The term WarDriving has been frequently used while talking

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a smart card, What are the adv...

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a Smart Card?    Advantages of Smart Card: 1. It gives convenience & support for multiple currencies over borders. 2. Used

List-processing without using suppress-dialog, What happens if we use Leave...

What happens if we use Leave to list-processing without using Suppress-Dialog? If we don't use Suppress-Dialog to next screen will be viewed but as empty, when the user presse

Can we change the color of the worksheet tabs in my workbook, In a word,you...

In a word,you can't. It would certainly be helpful to be able to color-code your worksheet tabs. For some reason, Microsoft hasn't executed this feature, which has been available i

C, Write a ‘C’ functions to arrange the elements of an integer array in suc...

Write a ‘C’ functions to arrange the elements of an integer array in such a way that all the negative elements are before the positive elements. The array is passed to it as an arg

Various threats posed by server in client server environment, Explain vario...

Explain various threats posed through servers into a client server environment. Server Destroyed within an Accident: Power failures, Leaking pipes and equipment failures are no

Where shared resources are accessed, A critical section is a program segmen...

A critical section is a program segment? Ans. A critical section is a program segment where shared resources are accessed.

Find the boolean expression for the logic circuit, Find the boolean express...

Find the boolean expression for the logic circuit shown below. Ans. Output of Gate-1 (NAND) = (AB)' Output of Gate-2 (NOR) = (A'+B)' Output of Gate-3 (NOR) = [(AB)' + (

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd