Data packets - universal serial bus, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Data packets:

A data packet consists of the PID which is followed a 16-bit CRC and by 0-1023 bytes of data payload (up to 1024 in high speed and at most 8 at low speed)

There are 2 basic data packets, DATA0 and DATA1. They have to always be preceded by an address token, and are typically followed by a handshake token from the receiver back to the transmitter. The 2 packet types provide the 1-bit sequence number needed by Stop-and-wait ARQ. If a USB host does not retain a response (such as an ACK) for data it has transmitted, it doesn't know if the data was retained or not; the data may have been lost in transit, or it may have been received but the handshake response was lost.

To solve this type of problem, the device keeps track of the type of DATA x packet it last accepted. If it retains another DATA x packet of the similar type, it is acknowledged but ignored as a case of duplicate. Only a DATA x packet of the opposite type is really received.

When a device is reset having a SETUP packet, it expects an 8-byte DATA0 packet next.

USB 2.0 added DATA2 and MDATA packet types as well. They are used just by high-speed devices doing high-bandwidth isochronous transfers which required transferring more than 1024 bytes per 125 µs "micro frame" (8192 kB/s),PRE "packet"

Low-speed components are supported with a special PID value, PRE. It marks the beginning of a low-speed packet, and it is used by hubs which usually do not send full-speed packets to low-speed devices. As all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the FS(full speed)K state, which is the similar as the low-speed J state. It is followed by a deep pause during which hubs enable their low-speed outputs that is already idling in the J state, then a low-speed packet follows the starting with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a deep period of SE0. Full-speed components other than hubs can simply avoid the PRE packet and its low-speed contents, till the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.


Related Discussions:- Data packets - universal serial bus

Find the generating function, Find the generating function to denote the nu...

Find the generating function to denote the number of ways the sum 9 can be acquired while 2 distinguishable fair dice are tossed and the first shows an even number and the second s

Compiler software difficulty, IA-64 instead depends on the compiler for thi...

IA-64 instead depends on the compiler for this task. Even before the program is fed into the CPU, the compiler studies the code and makes the similar sorts of decisions that would

Working of read-only memory, Q. Working of Read-Only Memory? A ROM is f...

Q. Working of Read-Only Memory? A ROM is fundamentally a memory or storage device in which a fixed set of binary information is stored. A block diagram of ROM is as displayed i

C++ program, A palindrome is a string that reads the same from both the end...

A palindrome is a string that reads the same from both the ends. Given a string S convert it to a palindrome by doing character replacement. Your task is to convert S to palindrome

Security features used in client-server types of network, Security features...

Security features used in Client-Server types of network are as follows :  i) Digital Signatures ii)  Encryption / Decryption iii) Secure Socket Layer (SSL) iv) Firewa

How the information should be retrieved from the database, In a report with...

In a report with an LDB attribute, you do not have to explain how the information should be retrieved from the database tables, but only how the data should be shown on the screen.

Explain web service - .net component, Can you give an example of when it wo...

Can you give an example of when it would be appropriate to use a web service as opposed to a non-serviced .NET component? Services which help in stock trading by giving analysi

Soundness - artificial intelligence, Soundness - artificial intelligence: ...

Soundness - artificial intelligence: You may see in some application domains-for example automated theorem proving - that your search is "sound and complete". The soundness in

Device drivers in ms-dos, In MS-DOS device drivers are installed and loaded...

In MS-DOS device drivers are installed and loaded dynamically it implies that they are loaded into memory when computer is started or re-booted and accessed by operating system as

Difference between vertical and horizontal organization, Difference between...

Difference between Vertical and Horizontal Organization Vertical Organizations  It is a usual approach which is typified by a functional approach to work in which departme

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd