Data packets - universal serial bus, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Data packets:

A data packet consists of the PID which is followed a 16-bit CRC and by 0-1023 bytes of data payload (up to 1024 in high speed and at most 8 at low speed)

There are 2 basic data packets, DATA0 and DATA1. They have to always be preceded by an address token, and are typically followed by a handshake token from the receiver back to the transmitter. The 2 packet types provide the 1-bit sequence number needed by Stop-and-wait ARQ. If a USB host does not retain a response (such as an ACK) for data it has transmitted, it doesn't know if the data was retained or not; the data may have been lost in transit, or it may have been received but the handshake response was lost.

To solve this type of problem, the device keeps track of the type of DATA x packet it last accepted. If it retains another DATA x packet of the similar type, it is acknowledged but ignored as a case of duplicate. Only a DATA x packet of the opposite type is really received.

When a device is reset having a SETUP packet, it expects an 8-byte DATA0 packet next.

USB 2.0 added DATA2 and MDATA packet types as well. They are used just by high-speed devices doing high-bandwidth isochronous transfers which required transferring more than 1024 bytes per 125 µs "micro frame" (8192 kB/s),PRE "packet"

Low-speed components are supported with a special PID value, PRE. It marks the beginning of a low-speed packet, and it is used by hubs which usually do not send full-speed packets to low-speed devices. As all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the FS(full speed)K state, which is the similar as the low-speed J state. It is followed by a deep pause during which hubs enable their low-speed outputs that is already idling in the J state, then a low-speed packet follows the starting with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a deep period of SE0. Full-speed components other than hubs can simply avoid the PRE packet and its low-speed contents, till the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.


Related Discussions:- Data packets - universal serial bus

Constructor, what is meant by private copy constructor

what is meant by private copy constructor

What is a digital multiplexer, What is a digital multiplexer?  Ans: ...

What is a digital multiplexer?  Ans: Multiplexer: Data selector or MUX is a logic circuit selects binary information from one of several input and directs this to a sing

Explain yet another compiler-compiler, Explain Yet another Compiler-Compile...

Explain Yet another Compiler-Compiler. YACC uses for "Yet another Compiler-Compiler": Computer program input usually has some structure; actually, all computer programs which

Show the connections used in sound cards, Q. Show the Connections used in S...

Q. Show the Connections used in Sound cards? Sound cards must have connections to allow different functions.  One of the most significant is MIDI port (MIDI signifies Musical I

Symbolic reasoning, An expert system also represents knowledge symbolica...

An expert system also represents knowledge symbolically as sets of symbols that stand for problem concepts. In AI jargon symbol is a string of characters that stands for

Two methods of copying a information document, There are basically two meth...

There are basically two methods of copying: Photocopying This is a modified development of photography. It is quite expensive and slow and is not often used for routine rep

Direct mapped cache - computer architecture, Direct Mapping: In this p...

Direct Mapping: In this particular technique, block j of the primary memory maps onto block j modulo 128 of the cache. The primary memory blocks 0,128,256,...is loaded

Extract data from tables without using the event ''get'', Is it possible to...

Is it possible to extract data from tables without using the event 'GET' in the report with an appropriate LDB. False.   You can extract data from tables using Select stateme

General considerations for research -artificial intelligence, General Consi...

General Considerations for Research -artificial intelligence: If we can specify the initial state, the operators or a consumer and the goal check for a search problem, that al

What is mini computer, Q. What is Mini computer? The term minicomputer ...

Q. What is Mini computer? The term minicomputer introduced in 1960's when it was realized that numerous computing tasks don't need an expensive modern mainframe computers howev

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd