Data packets - universal serial bus, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Data packets:

A data packet consists of the PID which is followed a 16-bit CRC and by 0-1023 bytes of data payload (up to 1024 in high speed and at most 8 at low speed)

There are 2 basic data packets, DATA0 and DATA1. They have to always be preceded by an address token, and are typically followed by a handshake token from the receiver back to the transmitter. The 2 packet types provide the 1-bit sequence number needed by Stop-and-wait ARQ. If a USB host does not retain a response (such as an ACK) for data it has transmitted, it doesn't know if the data was retained or not; the data may have been lost in transit, or it may have been received but the handshake response was lost.

To solve this type of problem, the device keeps track of the type of DATA x packet it last accepted. If it retains another DATA x packet of the similar type, it is acknowledged but ignored as a case of duplicate. Only a DATA x packet of the opposite type is really received.

When a device is reset having a SETUP packet, it expects an 8-byte DATA0 packet next.

USB 2.0 added DATA2 and MDATA packet types as well. They are used just by high-speed devices doing high-bandwidth isochronous transfers which required transferring more than 1024 bytes per 125 µs "micro frame" (8192 kB/s),PRE "packet"

Low-speed components are supported with a special PID value, PRE. It marks the beginning of a low-speed packet, and it is used by hubs which usually do not send full-speed packets to low-speed devices. As all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the FS(full speed)K state, which is the similar as the low-speed J state. It is followed by a deep pause during which hubs enable their low-speed outputs that is already idling in the J state, then a low-speed packet follows the starting with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a deep period of SE0. Full-speed components other than hubs can simply avoid the PRE packet and its low-speed contents, till the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.


Related Discussions:- Data packets - universal serial bus

Illustration of parallel programming environments, Q. Illustration of paral...

Q. Illustration of parallel programming environments? Let's discuss illustrations of parallel programming environments of Intel paragaon XP/S and Cray Y-MP software. The Cra

Advantages to companies adopting call centres, Advantages to companies adop...

Advantages to companies adopting call centres Computer systems have allowed companies to set up call centres in other nations where potential cost savings can be made. This, of

Library markup language, 1. Design a DTD for a new XML application called L...

1. Design a DTD for a new XML application called Library Markup Language (LibML) appropriate to capture the list of your items of collection . Put the DTD into a file named librar

What is the system call available to transmit a signal, What is the system ...

What is the system call available to transmit a signal? System call Kill is used to send a signal to a method or a group of processes. Int kill (pad tepid, Int sig); This

Explain about barrier, Q. Explain about Barrier? Barrier: No actual tra...

Q. Explain about Barrier? Barrier: No actual transfer of data takes place in this mode unless all the processors involved in the communication execute a particular block, calle

Datawarehousing, ) Define a job scheduling strategy that will meet business...

) Define a job scheduling strategy that will meet business requirement of reporting availability by 6am CST for the following cubes? Show the job scheduling dependencies in a picto

Convenience of environments -artificial intelligence , Convenience of Envir...

Convenience of Environments -artificial intelligence: In some cases, some aspects of an environment which should be taken into account in decisions about actions may be unavai

Pebble merchant, c programming code for pebble merchant

c programming code for pebble merchant

What is response ratio, What is response ratio? HRRN that is Highest Re...

What is response ratio? HRRN that is Highest Response Ratio Next scheduling is a non-preemptive discipline, as same to Shortest Job First (SJF) wherein the priority of all jobs

Invariant of the class, What are the conditions that have to be met for a c...

What are the conditions that have to be met for a condition to be an invariant of the class? Ans) ? The condition should hold at the end of each constructor. ? The conditi

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd