Data packets - universal serial bus, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Data packets:

A data packet consists of the PID which is followed a 16-bit CRC and by 0-1023 bytes of data payload (up to 1024 in high speed and at most 8 at low speed)

There are 2 basic data packets, DATA0 and DATA1. They have to always be preceded by an address token, and are typically followed by a handshake token from the receiver back to the transmitter. The 2 packet types provide the 1-bit sequence number needed by Stop-and-wait ARQ. If a USB host does not retain a response (such as an ACK) for data it has transmitted, it doesn't know if the data was retained or not; the data may have been lost in transit, or it may have been received but the handshake response was lost.

To solve this type of problem, the device keeps track of the type of DATA x packet it last accepted. If it retains another DATA x packet of the similar type, it is acknowledged but ignored as a case of duplicate. Only a DATA x packet of the opposite type is really received.

When a device is reset having a SETUP packet, it expects an 8-byte DATA0 packet next.

USB 2.0 added DATA2 and MDATA packet types as well. They are used just by high-speed devices doing high-bandwidth isochronous transfers which required transferring more than 1024 bytes per 125 µs "micro frame" (8192 kB/s),PRE "packet"

Low-speed components are supported with a special PID value, PRE. It marks the beginning of a low-speed packet, and it is used by hubs which usually do not send full-speed packets to low-speed devices. As all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the FS(full speed)K state, which is the similar as the low-speed J state. It is followed by a deep pause during which hubs enable their low-speed outputs that is already idling in the J state, then a low-speed packet follows the starting with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a deep period of SE0. Full-speed components other than hubs can simply avoid the PRE packet and its low-speed contents, till the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.


Related Discussions:- Data packets - universal serial bus

Elements of composition - line, Line A Line is, on a simple level, a ma...

Line A Line is, on a simple level, a mark connecting 2 points. However, how lines are used in an image is extremely important. By varying the quality of line used in an image,

Direct mapped cache - computer architecture, Direct Mapping: In this p...

Direct Mapping: In this particular technique, block j of the primary memory maps onto block j modulo 128 of the cache. The primary memory blocks 0,128,256,...is loaded

Which algorithm is used to solve computational problems, Which algorithm is...

Which algorithm is used to solve computational problems If we want to solve any problem then we use a series of well-defined steps. These steps are collectively known as algori

Define interrupts, Interrupts are signals which cause the CPU to suspend th...

Interrupts are signals which cause the CPU to suspend the currently executing program and transfer to a special program known as an interrupt handler. Interrupt handler determines

What is assembly language, What is assembly language? Assembly languag...

What is assembly language? Assembly language : It is a family of low-level language for microprocessors, programming computers, microcontrollers etc. All are implement a symbo

Design combinational-sequential electronic logic gate, Combinational/Sequen...

Combinational/Sequential Logic design with Integrated Circuits (Dual in line package) Car wash concept with the following steps in a Combinational Logic Diagram: 1.    Start

Variable ordering - forward checking, Variable ordering - Forward checking:...

Variable ordering - Forward checking: Hence this is different from variable ordering in two important ways as:  Whether this is a dead end when we will end up visiting a

What is pure semiconductors, Q. What is Pure semiconductors? Pure semic...

Q. What is Pure semiconductors? Pure semiconductors, known as intrinsic semiconductors, have very few charge carriers and may hence be classified as almost insulators or very p

Define the advantages of assembly language., Highlight the advantages of as...

Highlight the advantages of assembly language. The benefits of assembly language program would be Reduced errors Faster translation times Changes could be made fas

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd