Data packets - universal serial bus, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Data packets:

A data packet consists of the PID which is followed a 16-bit CRC and by 0-1023 bytes of data payload (up to 1024 in high speed and at most 8 at low speed)

There are 2 basic data packets, DATA0 and DATA1. They have to always be preceded by an address token, and are typically followed by a handshake token from the receiver back to the transmitter. The 2 packet types provide the 1-bit sequence number needed by Stop-and-wait ARQ. If a USB host does not retain a response (such as an ACK) for data it has transmitted, it doesn't know if the data was retained or not; the data may have been lost in transit, or it may have been received but the handshake response was lost.

To solve this type of problem, the device keeps track of the type of DATA x packet it last accepted. If it retains another DATA x packet of the similar type, it is acknowledged but ignored as a case of duplicate. Only a DATA x packet of the opposite type is really received.

When a device is reset having a SETUP packet, it expects an 8-byte DATA0 packet next.

USB 2.0 added DATA2 and MDATA packet types as well. They are used just by high-speed devices doing high-bandwidth isochronous transfers which required transferring more than 1024 bytes per 125 µs "micro frame" (8192 kB/s),PRE "packet"

Low-speed components are supported with a special PID value, PRE. It marks the beginning of a low-speed packet, and it is used by hubs which usually do not send full-speed packets to low-speed devices. As all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the FS(full speed)K state, which is the similar as the low-speed J state. It is followed by a deep pause during which hubs enable their low-speed outputs that is already idling in the J state, then a low-speed packet follows the starting with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a deep period of SE0. Full-speed components other than hubs can simply avoid the PRE packet and its low-speed contents, till the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.


Related Discussions:- Data packets - universal serial bus

Dbms, what is cascading rolback?

what is cascading rolback?

State the basic properties of this analytical engine, State the basic prope...

State the basic properties of this analytical engine The basic properties of this analytical engine are: It was a common purpose programmable machine. It had provisi

Perfect fundamental logic - artificial intelligence, Perfect fundamental lo...

Perfect fundamental logic - artificial intelligence: However, while it's theoretically  possible to do definite intelligent things (like prove some easy mathematics theorems a

Difference between a null pointer and a void pointer, A NULL pointer is a p...

A NULL pointer is a pointer of any type whose value is zero. A void pointer is a pointer to an object of an unknown type, and is guaranteed to have sufficient bits to hold a pointe

Explain the sum of product form - standard forms, Explain the Sum of Produc...

Explain the Sum of Product Form? In The Boolean Algebra a product is produced by "ANDing" two or more variable inputs. Product of the two variables is expressed as AB and three

What are benefits and advantages of linq, Benefits and benefits of LINQ are...

Benefits and benefits of LINQ are: 1. Makes it simpler to transform data into objects. 2. A common syntax for all data. 3. Strongly typed code. 4. Provider integration.

Define exception, Define exception. The term exception is used to trans...

Define exception. The term exception is used to transfer to any event that causes an interruption

Obtain 1''s and 2''s complement, Obtain 1's and 2's complement of 1010 usin...

Obtain 1's and 2's complement of 1010 using only four-digit representation. Solution: 1's complement: 1's complement of 1010 is  Please note that wherever you ha

Types of policies in e-commerce, 1- The Privacy Policy: The vendor must...

1- The Privacy Policy: The vendor must explain to the customer how all his information especially sensitive ones will be totally private, and no one can read them or use them i

Write a cgi program that keeps a list of computers, Write a CGI program tha...

Write a CGI program that keeps a list of computers that have contacted the server. If comp1 is contacting first time it will display the message: "This is the first contact fr

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd