Data packets - universal serial bus, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Data packets:

A data packet consists of the PID which is followed a 16-bit CRC and by 0-1023 bytes of data payload (up to 1024 in high speed and at most 8 at low speed)

There are 2 basic data packets, DATA0 and DATA1. They have to always be preceded by an address token, and are typically followed by a handshake token from the receiver back to the transmitter. The 2 packet types provide the 1-bit sequence number needed by Stop-and-wait ARQ. If a USB host does not retain a response (such as an ACK) for data it has transmitted, it doesn't know if the data was retained or not; the data may have been lost in transit, or it may have been received but the handshake response was lost.

To solve this type of problem, the device keeps track of the type of DATA x packet it last accepted. If it retains another DATA x packet of the similar type, it is acknowledged but ignored as a case of duplicate. Only a DATA x packet of the opposite type is really received.

When a device is reset having a SETUP packet, it expects an 8-byte DATA0 packet next.

USB 2.0 added DATA2 and MDATA packet types as well. They are used just by high-speed devices doing high-bandwidth isochronous transfers which required transferring more than 1024 bytes per 125 µs "micro frame" (8192 kB/s),PRE "packet"

Low-speed components are supported with a special PID value, PRE. It marks the beginning of a low-speed packet, and it is used by hubs which usually do not send full-speed packets to low-speed devices. As all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the FS(full speed)K state, which is the similar as the low-speed J state. It is followed by a deep pause during which hubs enable their low-speed outputs that is already idling in the J state, then a low-speed packet follows the starting with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a deep period of SE0. Full-speed components other than hubs can simply avoid the PRE packet and its low-speed contents, till the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.


Related Discussions:- Data packets - universal serial bus

Incorporate exception handling, Assignment (to be published later) will req...

Assignment (to be published later) will require you to extend the menu-driven application developed in Assignment 2B, to incorporate the recording details of the doctors who will b

Explain about disk caching scheme, Q. Explain about disk caching scheme? ...

Q. Explain about disk caching scheme? The disk caching scheme can be used to speed up performance of disk drive system. A set (cache) of buffers is assigned to hold some disk b

Neural networks as perceptrons, Neural networks as perceptrons: Howeve...

Neural networks as perceptrons: However ANNs look like this in the general case:  Considered that the w, x, y and z represent real valued weights so all the edges in t

Recent parallel programming models, A model for parallel programming is an ...

A model for parallel programming is an abstraction in addition its machine architecture is independent. A model is able to be implemented on different hardware and memory architect

What are the characteristics of dram, What are the characteristics of DRAM?...

What are the characteristics of DRAM? Low cost High density Refresh circuitry is needed

What do you meant by a storage device, Question : (a) What do you me...

Question : (a) What do you meant by a storage device? (b) List 5 examples of storage devices and give their uses (c) What are the differences between backup and ar

Computer network architecture, A protocol is a formal description of messag...

A protocol is a formal description of message formats and the rules two or more machines must follow to exchange those messages. Because TCP (transmission control protocol) and IP

Implementing recursive function the data structure, For executing recursive...

For executing recursive function the data structure used is: For executing recursive function, stack is used as a data structure.

When do you do load and performance testing, We perform load testing once w...

We perform load testing once we are completed with interface (GUI) testing. Modern system architectures are large and difficult. Whereas one user testing primarily on functionality

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd