Data packets - universal serial bus, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Data packets:

A data packet consists of the PID which is followed a 16-bit CRC and by 0-1023 bytes of data payload (up to 1024 in high speed and at most 8 at low speed)

There are 2 basic data packets, DATA0 and DATA1. They have to always be preceded by an address token, and are typically followed by a handshake token from the receiver back to the transmitter. The 2 packet types provide the 1-bit sequence number needed by Stop-and-wait ARQ. If a USB host does not retain a response (such as an ACK) for data it has transmitted, it doesn't know if the data was retained or not; the data may have been lost in transit, or it may have been received but the handshake response was lost.

To solve this type of problem, the device keeps track of the type of DATA x packet it last accepted. If it retains another DATA x packet of the similar type, it is acknowledged but ignored as a case of duplicate. Only a DATA x packet of the opposite type is really received.

When a device is reset having a SETUP packet, it expects an 8-byte DATA0 packet next.

USB 2.0 added DATA2 and MDATA packet types as well. They are used just by high-speed devices doing high-bandwidth isochronous transfers which required transferring more than 1024 bytes per 125 µs "micro frame" (8192 kB/s),PRE "packet"

Low-speed components are supported with a special PID value, PRE. It marks the beginning of a low-speed packet, and it is used by hubs which usually do not send full-speed packets to low-speed devices. As all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the FS(full speed)K state, which is the similar as the low-speed J state. It is followed by a deep pause during which hubs enable their low-speed outputs that is already idling in the J state, then a low-speed packet follows the starting with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a deep period of SE0. Full-speed components other than hubs can simply avoid the PRE packet and its low-speed contents, till the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.


Related Discussions:- Data packets - universal serial bus

General use of cluster computing, Q. General use of cluster computing? ...

Q. General use of cluster computing? A general use of cluster computing is to balance traffic load on high-traffic web sites. In web operation a web page request is transmitted

Explain about the voice recognition device, Explain about the Voice recogni...

Explain about the Voice recognition device Blind and partially-sighted people can communicate with a computer using microphone and software (keyboard and touch screens can't be

Explain data mining, Data Mining is an analytic method designed to explore...

Data Mining is an analytic method designed to explore data and then to validate the findings by applying the detected patterns to latest subsets of data.  The ultimate goal of dat

Main characteristics of horizontal organizational structure, What are the m...

What are the main characteristics of Horizontal Organizational Structure? Horizontal Organization’s main characteristics are given below: The work is structured all aroun

Enumerate in detail about image scanners, Enumerate in detail about Image S...

Enumerate in detail about Image Scanners Drawings, graphs, colour and black-and-white photos, or text can be stored for computer processing with an image scanner by passing an

Generalization-specialization(DBMS), Design a generalization-specialization...

Design a generalization-specialization hierarchy for a motor vehicle sales company. The company sells motorcyles,passenger cars,vans,and buses.justify your placement of attributes

What is relational database, What is relational database? Relational da...

What is relational database? Relational database has data that is perceived as tables. A relational DBMS manages tables of data and associated structures that enhances the func

Register-to-register operands in RISC, Q. Register-to-register operands in ...

Q. Register-to-register operands in RISC? Register-to-register operands: In RISC machines operation which access memories are LOAD and STORE. All other operands are kept in reg

User interface (ui), Design a easy (text-based/ graphical) UI for  your pr...

Design a easy (text-based/ graphical) UI for  your program.  The user should be encouraged for  parameter values for  the particular protocol simulation. For  example, the user sho

What are the main advantages of sound, Problem: (a) What are the two m...

Problem: (a) What are the two main advantages of sound? (b) UTMDigitlab ltd, specialized in digitizing sound, converts an audio stream of the latest album of Britney Spea

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd