Data packets - universal serial bus, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Data packets:

A data packet consists of the PID which is followed a 16-bit CRC and by 0-1023 bytes of data payload (up to 1024 in high speed and at most 8 at low speed)

There are 2 basic data packets, DATA0 and DATA1. They have to always be preceded by an address token, and are typically followed by a handshake token from the receiver back to the transmitter. The 2 packet types provide the 1-bit sequence number needed by Stop-and-wait ARQ. If a USB host does not retain a response (such as an ACK) for data it has transmitted, it doesn't know if the data was retained or not; the data may have been lost in transit, or it may have been received but the handshake response was lost.

To solve this type of problem, the device keeps track of the type of DATA x packet it last accepted. If it retains another DATA x packet of the similar type, it is acknowledged but ignored as a case of duplicate. Only a DATA x packet of the opposite type is really received.

When a device is reset having a SETUP packet, it expects an 8-byte DATA0 packet next.

USB 2.0 added DATA2 and MDATA packet types as well. They are used just by high-speed devices doing high-bandwidth isochronous transfers which required transferring more than 1024 bytes per 125 µs "micro frame" (8192 kB/s),PRE "packet"

Low-speed components are supported with a special PID value, PRE. It marks the beginning of a low-speed packet, and it is used by hubs which usually do not send full-speed packets to low-speed devices. As all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the FS(full speed)K state, which is the similar as the low-speed J state. It is followed by a deep pause during which hubs enable their low-speed outputs that is already idling in the J state, then a low-speed packet follows the starting with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a deep period of SE0. Full-speed components other than hubs can simply avoid the PRE packet and its low-speed contents, till the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.


Related Discussions:- Data packets - universal serial bus

Operating system, define request edge and assignment edge

define request edge and assignment edge

How to modify or delete a custom class name, 1. Click Tools > General Optio...

1. Click Tools > General Options, and then click the Object Mapping tab. 2. From the Object type list, select the standard object type that is associated with the object class

What is the cih, CIH, also known  as Chernobyl or Spacefiller, is a Microso...

CIH, also known  as Chernobyl or Spacefiller, is a Microsoft Windows computer virus which first emerged in 1998. It is one of the most damaging viruses, overwriting critical inform

What is input - output interface, The I/O interface provides a technique fo...

The I/O interface provides a technique for transferring information between external I/O devices and internal storage. Peripherals linked to a computer require special communicatio

Show buffered mode for point-to-point message passing, Q. Show Buffered mod...

Q. Show Buffered mode for Point-to-point Message Passing? Buffered mode: Transmitting can be started whether or not matching receives has been started and transmitting may comp

Convert the decimal number to excess-3 code, Convert the decimal number 430...

Convert the decimal number 430 to Excess-3 code ? Ans. Excess  3  is  a  digital  code  acquired  from  adding  3  to  every  decimal  digit  and  after that converting the res

Explain the various interface circuits, Explain the various interface circu...

Explain the various interface circuits.  An I/O interface having of circuitry required to connect an I/O device to computer bus. One side having of a data path with its associa

Determine what part of global array to work on thread number, Q. Determine ...

Q. Determine what part of global array to work on thread number? #include void subdomain(float x[ ], int istart, int ipoints) { int i; for (i = 0; i x[istart+

Explain the commonly used code optimization techniques, Explain briefly any...

Explain briefly any three of the commonly used code optimization techniques. 1. Common sub expression elimination: In given expression as "(a+b)-(a+b)/4", in such "common

Show mpi functions, Q. Show MPI functions? MPI comprises hundreds of fu...

Q. Show MPI functions? MPI comprises hundreds of functions which are a small subset of which is enough for most practical purposes. We will discuss some of them here. Int M

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd