Data packets - universal serial bus, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Data packets:

A data packet consists of the PID which is followed a 16-bit CRC and by 0-1023 bytes of data payload (up to 1024 in high speed and at most 8 at low speed)

There are 2 basic data packets, DATA0 and DATA1. They have to always be preceded by an address token, and are typically followed by a handshake token from the receiver back to the transmitter. The 2 packet types provide the 1-bit sequence number needed by Stop-and-wait ARQ. If a USB host does not retain a response (such as an ACK) for data it has transmitted, it doesn't know if the data was retained or not; the data may have been lost in transit, or it may have been received but the handshake response was lost.

To solve this type of problem, the device keeps track of the type of DATA x packet it last accepted. If it retains another DATA x packet of the similar type, it is acknowledged but ignored as a case of duplicate. Only a DATA x packet of the opposite type is really received.

When a device is reset having a SETUP packet, it expects an 8-byte DATA0 packet next.

USB 2.0 added DATA2 and MDATA packet types as well. They are used just by high-speed devices doing high-bandwidth isochronous transfers which required transferring more than 1024 bytes per 125 µs "micro frame" (8192 kB/s),PRE "packet"

Low-speed components are supported with a special PID value, PRE. It marks the beginning of a low-speed packet, and it is used by hubs which usually do not send full-speed packets to low-speed devices. As all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the FS(full speed)K state, which is the similar as the low-speed J state. It is followed by a deep pause during which hubs enable their low-speed outputs that is already idling in the J state, then a low-speed packet follows the starting with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a deep period of SE0. Full-speed components other than hubs can simply avoid the PRE packet and its low-speed contents, till the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.


Related Discussions:- Data packets - universal serial bus

What is cache coherency, Cache coherence refers to the integrity of data st...

Cache coherence refers to the integrity of data stored in local caches of a shared resource. Cache coherence is a special case of memory coherence. When clients in a system, mainly

What is rational robot, Rational Robot is a whole set of components for aut...

Rational Robot is a whole set of components for automating the testing of Microsoft Windows client/server and Internet applications. The major component of Robot lets you start

What do you mean by internet, Q. What do you mean by Internet? Ans: In...

Q. What do you mean by Internet? Ans: Internet is a network of networks or collection of networks. Several networks such as WAN and LAN connected through suitable hardware an

Explain optimizing transformations, Explain optimizing transformations? ...

Explain optimizing transformations? Optimizing transformations: It is a rule for rewriting a segment of a program to enhance its execution efficiency without influencing i

Explain the term- wireless technologyand broadband, Explain the term- Wirel...

Explain the term- Wireless Technologyand Broadband Wireless Technology (WiFi) and Broadband Most areas in the world now provide broadband instead of dial up for connectin

Data base, why to learn data base?

why to learn data base?

How can we use ordered lists, Q. How can we use Ordered Lists? Lists ha...

Q. How can we use Ordered Lists? Lists having numbered items are termed as ordered lists. They are used when items in the list have a natural order. They can also be used when

Explain the working of thousand line exchanges, E xplain the working of th...

E xplain the working of thousand line exchanges by u sing a combination of uniselectors and two motion selectors. The schematic diagram for such an exchange is demonstrated i

Generalization-specialization(DBMS), Design a generalization-specialization...

Design a generalization-specialization hierarchy for a motor vehicle sales company. The company sells motorcyles,passenger cars,vans,and buses.justify your placement of attributes

How to select a table, Q. How to select a table? The easiest way to sel...

Q. How to select a table? The easiest way to select a table in Standard view is by using tag selector, which displays HTML tags of elements in document. You will use tag sel

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd