Data packets - universal serial bus, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Data packets:

A data packet consists of the PID which is followed a 16-bit CRC and by 0-1023 bytes of data payload (up to 1024 in high speed and at most 8 at low speed)

There are 2 basic data packets, DATA0 and DATA1. They have to always be preceded by an address token, and are typically followed by a handshake token from the receiver back to the transmitter. The 2 packet types provide the 1-bit sequence number needed by Stop-and-wait ARQ. If a USB host does not retain a response (such as an ACK) for data it has transmitted, it doesn't know if the data was retained or not; the data may have been lost in transit, or it may have been received but the handshake response was lost.

To solve this type of problem, the device keeps track of the type of DATA x packet it last accepted. If it retains another DATA x packet of the similar type, it is acknowledged but ignored as a case of duplicate. Only a DATA x packet of the opposite type is really received.

When a device is reset having a SETUP packet, it expects an 8-byte DATA0 packet next.

USB 2.0 added DATA2 and MDATA packet types as well. They are used just by high-speed devices doing high-bandwidth isochronous transfers which required transferring more than 1024 bytes per 125 µs "micro frame" (8192 kB/s),PRE "packet"

Low-speed components are supported with a special PID value, PRE. It marks the beginning of a low-speed packet, and it is used by hubs which usually do not send full-speed packets to low-speed devices. As all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the FS(full speed)K state, which is the similar as the low-speed J state. It is followed by a deep pause during which hubs enable their low-speed outputs that is already idling in the J state, then a low-speed packet follows the starting with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a deep period of SE0. Full-speed components other than hubs can simply avoid the PRE packet and its low-speed contents, till the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.


Related Discussions:- Data packets - universal serial bus

Responsibilities of objects, The Transaction object is responsible for read...

The Transaction object is responsible for reading the transaction file, finding the relevant account in the array of customers and applying the transaction. To find the relevant ac

Provision for data buffering, Data buffering is quite helpful for purpose o...

Data buffering is quite helpful for purpose of smoothing out gaps in speed of processor and I/O devices. Data buffers are registers that hold I/O information temporarily. I/O is pe

Diiferentiate between ROM and PROM, Diiference between ROM and PROM. R...

Diiference between ROM and PROM. ROM: It also called Read Only Memory is a Permanent Memory. The data is permanently stored and cannot be changed in Permanent ROM. This can o

Network properties, Network Properties There are many properties are as...

Network Properties There are many properties are associated with interconnection networks:- 1) Topology: It signify how the nodes a network are organised. A variety of top

Show the steps of execution of instructions, Q. Show the steps of execution...

Q. Show the steps of execution of instructions? Fetch First Instruction into CPU: Step 1: Find/calculate the address of first instruction in memory. In this machine illust

Scientific knowledge, Scientific knowledge: This is not to be confused...

Scientific knowledge: This is not to be confused with the applications of "AI" programs to other sciences, discussed later. Its subfields can be classified into a variety of t

What is refactoring, What is refactoring? Refactoring is explained as t...

What is refactoring? Refactoring is explained as the changes to the internal structure of software to improve its design without changing its external functionality. It is an e

Do we require an x server to run in batch mode for gimp, Yes, you have to h...

Yes, you have to have some form of X server (unless you're running Windows, of course). It requires an X server for image processing, and for font manipulation. Though, if you wish

Ending transactions - data phase, Ending transactions: Either side may...

Ending transactions: Either side may request that a burst end after the present data phase. Simple PCI component that do not support multi-word bursts will always request this

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd