Data packets - universal serial bus, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Data packets:

A data packet consists of the PID which is followed a 16-bit CRC and by 0-1023 bytes of data payload (up to 1024 in high speed and at most 8 at low speed)

There are 2 basic data packets, DATA0 and DATA1. They have to always be preceded by an address token, and are typically followed by a handshake token from the receiver back to the transmitter. The 2 packet types provide the 1-bit sequence number needed by Stop-and-wait ARQ. If a USB host does not retain a response (such as an ACK) for data it has transmitted, it doesn't know if the data was retained or not; the data may have been lost in transit, or it may have been received but the handshake response was lost.

To solve this type of problem, the device keeps track of the type of DATA x packet it last accepted. If it retains another DATA x packet of the similar type, it is acknowledged but ignored as a case of duplicate. Only a DATA x packet of the opposite type is really received.

When a device is reset having a SETUP packet, it expects an 8-byte DATA0 packet next.

USB 2.0 added DATA2 and MDATA packet types as well. They are used just by high-speed devices doing high-bandwidth isochronous transfers which required transferring more than 1024 bytes per 125 µs "micro frame" (8192 kB/s),PRE "packet"

Low-speed components are supported with a special PID value, PRE. It marks the beginning of a low-speed packet, and it is used by hubs which usually do not send full-speed packets to low-speed devices. As all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the FS(full speed)K state, which is the similar as the low-speed J state. It is followed by a deep pause during which hubs enable their low-speed outputs that is already idling in the J state, then a low-speed packet follows the starting with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a deep period of SE0. Full-speed components other than hubs can simply avoid the PRE packet and its low-speed contents, till the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.


Related Discussions:- Data packets - universal serial bus

What is functions indention, Use tabs to bring some structure into your fun...

Use tabs to bring some structure into your function body if(nPos > 1) then nRetrun = True else nRetrun = False end if

Physics, #questionabut diffraction ..

#questionabut diffraction ..

Knowledge representation - artificial intelligence, Knowledge Representatio...

Knowledge Representation: To recap, we now have some characterizations of "AI", that when an "AI" problem arises, you will be able to put all into context exactly, find the co

Define memory cell, Define memory cell? A memory cell is capable of sto...

Define memory cell? A memory cell is capable of storing single bit of information. It is usually organized in the form of an array

Why is xml such an important development, It takes away two constraints whi...

It takes away two constraints which were holding back Web developments: 1. Dependence on a one, inflexible document type (HTML) which was being much abused for tasks it was neve

Techniques are used to increase the clock rate r, What techniques are used ...

What techniques are used to increase the clock rate R? Ans: The 2 techniques used to increase the clock rate R are: 1. We can reduce the amount of processing done in one basi

Explain open source software, Explain Open source software? Open Source...

Explain Open source software? Open Source Software is software for which the underlying programming code is available to the users so that they might be read it, make changes t

Differentiate between compiler and interpreter, (i) Compiler and Interpret...

(i) Compiler and Interpreter: These are two types of language translators. A compiler changes the source program (user-written program) into an object code (machine language b

Explain the matlab language, This is a high-level matrix/array language wit...

This is a high-level matrix/array language with control flow statements, functions, data structures, input/output, and object-oriented programming features. It permits both "progra

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd