Data packets - universal serial bus, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Data packets:

A data packet consists of the PID which is followed a 16-bit CRC and by 0-1023 bytes of data payload (up to 1024 in high speed and at most 8 at low speed)

There are 2 basic data packets, DATA0 and DATA1. They have to always be preceded by an address token, and are typically followed by a handshake token from the receiver back to the transmitter. The 2 packet types provide the 1-bit sequence number needed by Stop-and-wait ARQ. If a USB host does not retain a response (such as an ACK) for data it has transmitted, it doesn't know if the data was retained or not; the data may have been lost in transit, or it may have been received but the handshake response was lost.

To solve this type of problem, the device keeps track of the type of DATA x packet it last accepted. If it retains another DATA x packet of the similar type, it is acknowledged but ignored as a case of duplicate. Only a DATA x packet of the opposite type is really received.

When a device is reset having a SETUP packet, it expects an 8-byte DATA0 packet next.

USB 2.0 added DATA2 and MDATA packet types as well. They are used just by high-speed devices doing high-bandwidth isochronous transfers which required transferring more than 1024 bytes per 125 µs "micro frame" (8192 kB/s),PRE "packet"

Low-speed components are supported with a special PID value, PRE. It marks the beginning of a low-speed packet, and it is used by hubs which usually do not send full-speed packets to low-speed devices. As all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the FS(full speed)K state, which is the similar as the low-speed J state. It is followed by a deep pause during which hubs enable their low-speed outputs that is already idling in the J state, then a low-speed packet follows the starting with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a deep period of SE0. Full-speed components other than hubs can simply avoid the PRE packet and its low-speed contents, till the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.


Related Discussions:- Data packets - universal serial bus

State the term organizational structure, State the term Organizational Stru...

State the term Organizational Structure. A business organization might be structured in many various ways, depending on the environment in that this operates. There are alwa

Result extends to functions - perceptrons, Result extends to functions - pe...

Result extends to functions - perceptrons: Thus the dotted lines can be seen as the threshold in perceptrons: whether the weighted sum, S, falls below it, after then the perce

Prove, state and prove distributive law?

state and prove distributive law?

Explain about theta notation, Q. Explain about Theta Notation? Theta Θ...

Q. Explain about Theta Notation? Theta Θ Notation : The set Θ (g(n)) comprises all functions f(n) for that there exist positive constants c1,c2 such that f(n) is squeezed in b

What is an interpreted languages, What is an interpreted languages In ...

What is an interpreted languages In interpreted languages, the instructions are implemented immediately after parsing. Both tasks are done by the interpreter. The code is sav

Explain the programmable rom (prom) - computer memory, Explain the Programm...

Explain the Programmable ROM (PROM) - Computer Memory? This is a kind of ROM that can be programmed using special equipment it can be written to, but only once and this is usef

How can we send data to external programs, How can we send data to external...

How can we send data to external programs? Using SPA/GPA parameters(SAP memory). Using EXPORT/IMPORT data (ABAP/4 memory)

Explain the drawback of top down parsing of backtracking, Write down the dr...

Write down the drawback of top down parsing of backtracking. Following are disadvantages of top down parsing of backtracking: (i) Semantic actions can't be performed whereas

Discuss the csma/cd and csma/ca protocols, Discuss the CSMA/CD and CSMA/CA ...

Discuss the CSMA/CD and CSMA/CA protocols. CSMA/CD: this is an access method used mainly with LANs configured in a bus topology. Along with CSMA/CD, any station (node) can se

Combining goals and design principles, The Set Book assignment should enabl...

The Set Book assignment should enable you to begin talking about the usability of interactive products in terms of a variety of parameters. Instead of simply saying 'nice cell phon

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd