Data packets - universal serial bus, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Data packets:

A data packet consists of the PID which is followed a 16-bit CRC and by 0-1023 bytes of data payload (up to 1024 in high speed and at most 8 at low speed)

There are 2 basic data packets, DATA0 and DATA1. They have to always be preceded by an address token, and are typically followed by a handshake token from the receiver back to the transmitter. The 2 packet types provide the 1-bit sequence number needed by Stop-and-wait ARQ. If a USB host does not retain a response (such as an ACK) for data it has transmitted, it doesn't know if the data was retained or not; the data may have been lost in transit, or it may have been received but the handshake response was lost.

To solve this type of problem, the device keeps track of the type of DATA x packet it last accepted. If it retains another DATA x packet of the similar type, it is acknowledged but ignored as a case of duplicate. Only a DATA x packet of the opposite type is really received.

When a device is reset having a SETUP packet, it expects an 8-byte DATA0 packet next.

USB 2.0 added DATA2 and MDATA packet types as well. They are used just by high-speed devices doing high-bandwidth isochronous transfers which required transferring more than 1024 bytes per 125 µs "micro frame" (8192 kB/s),PRE "packet"

Low-speed components are supported with a special PID value, PRE. It marks the beginning of a low-speed packet, and it is used by hubs which usually do not send full-speed packets to low-speed devices. As all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the FS(full speed)K state, which is the similar as the low-speed J state. It is followed by a deep pause during which hubs enable their low-speed outputs that is already idling in the J state, then a low-speed packet follows the starting with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a deep period of SE0. Full-speed components other than hubs can simply avoid the PRE packet and its low-speed contents, till the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.


Related Discussions:- Data packets - universal serial bus

Explain instruction stream and data stream, Instruction Stream and Data Str...

Instruction Stream and Data Stream The term 'stream' indicates to a series or flow of either instructions or data operated on by computer. In the entire cycle of instruction ex

Explain transmission gate-based d-latch, The Transmission-Gate input is lin...

The Transmission-Gate input is linked to the D_LATCH data input (D), the control input to the Transmission-Gate is linked to the D_LATCH enable input (EN) and the Transmission-Gate

Home entertainment, Home Entertainment: E-commerce has led to HOME ENTE...

Home Entertainment: E-commerce has led to HOME ENTERTAINMENT. The video aspect usually includes a large-screen and/or high definition television or a projection system.

Ai applications, AI Applications Search is a crucial component of an AI...

AI Applications Search is a crucial component of an AI system, and the search functions are performed over large quantities of difficult structured data using unstructured inpu

Describe key features of the von neumann architecture, Q. Describe key feat...

Q. Describe key features of the von Neumann Architecture? Describe key features of the von Neumann Architecture: The mainly basic function performed by a computer is exe

Eequivalences rules, Eequivalences rules: This conveys a meaning that ...

Eequivalences rules: This conveys a meaning that is actually much simpler so than you would think on first inspection.  Hence we can justify this, by using the following ch

Name various work processes of r/3 system, Name various work processes of R...

Name various work processes of R/3 system? A) Dialog or Online (processes only one request at a time). B) Background (Started at a specific time) C) Update (primary or se

Define both fork and vfork, How and when race conditions happen in process ...

How and when race conditions happen in process control? How can it be avoided? b. Differentiate among following functions giving related syntax: (i) fork and vfork (ii) w

Strings made of left curly braces, In a logical system, a judgement is a st...

In a logical system, a judgement is a statement that is either true or false. So far, you are most familiar with the type of judgement "A is true", which is often simply abbreviate

Platform assignment system, Platform assignment system for the trains in a ...

Platform assignment system for the trains in a railway station cpp program

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd