Data packets - universal serial bus, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Data packets:

A data packet consists of the PID which is followed a 16-bit CRC and by 0-1023 bytes of data payload (up to 1024 in high speed and at most 8 at low speed)

There are 2 basic data packets, DATA0 and DATA1. They have to always be preceded by an address token, and are typically followed by a handshake token from the receiver back to the transmitter. The 2 packet types provide the 1-bit sequence number needed by Stop-and-wait ARQ. If a USB host does not retain a response (such as an ACK) for data it has transmitted, it doesn't know if the data was retained or not; the data may have been lost in transit, or it may have been received but the handshake response was lost.

To solve this type of problem, the device keeps track of the type of DATA x packet it last accepted. If it retains another DATA x packet of the similar type, it is acknowledged but ignored as a case of duplicate. Only a DATA x packet of the opposite type is really received.

When a device is reset having a SETUP packet, it expects an 8-byte DATA0 packet next.

USB 2.0 added DATA2 and MDATA packet types as well. They are used just by high-speed devices doing high-bandwidth isochronous transfers which required transferring more than 1024 bytes per 125 µs "micro frame" (8192 kB/s),PRE "packet"

Low-speed components are supported with a special PID value, PRE. It marks the beginning of a low-speed packet, and it is used by hubs which usually do not send full-speed packets to low-speed devices. As all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the FS(full speed)K state, which is the similar as the low-speed J state. It is followed by a deep pause during which hubs enable their low-speed outputs that is already idling in the J state, then a low-speed packet follows the starting with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a deep period of SE0. Full-speed components other than hubs can simply avoid the PRE packet and its low-speed contents, till the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.


Related Discussions:- Data packets - universal serial bus

#title.linear programming, zmax=7.5x1-3x2 subject to constraints 3x1-x2-x3>...

zmax=7.5x1-3x2 subject to constraints 3x1-x2-x3>=3 x1-x2+x3>=2 x1,x2,x3>=0

Illustrate role of world wide web in field of e-commerce, Illustrate the ro...

Illustrate the role of World Wide Web into the field of e-commerce. In the 1990 year, the advent of the World Wide Web upon the Internet represented a turning point into e-com

Define password methods and biometric systems, Define the password methods ...

Define the password methods and Biometric systems for implementing client server network security. In cyberspace, buyers and sellers cannot notice each other. Also within video

State the encryption and decryption process with example, State the Encrypt...

State the Encryption and decryption process with example Encryption and decryption process in the Figure where Ram wants to send a confidential message to his friend Shyam. Ram

What are the graphics adapters, Graphics adapters: Video card converts...

Graphics adapters: Video card converts digital output from computer into an analog video signal and transmits the signal through a cable to monitor also known as a graphics ca

Describe about javascript, World Wide Web (WWW) began as a text-only medium...

World Wide Web (WWW) began as a text-only medium. First version doesn't even have the capability to include graphics on a page. Today's Web sites include sound animation, graphics,

Reduced instruction set computer - risc, Reduced Instruction Set Computer (...

Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC): As we discussed before most of the modern CPUs are of the GPR (General Purpose Register) type. A few instances of such type of CPUs ar

Illustrate an object model for university system, An object model for unive...

An object model for university system Establishing relationship among various classes in the system is the primary activity. Here, we have a simple model of a University System

Determine signed binary number, -8 is equal to which signed binary number ?...

-8 is equal to which signed binary number ? Ans. 10001000 is the signed binary number that equal to - 8.   To show negative numbers in the binary system, Digit 1 is utilized fo

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd