Data aggregation, Database Management System

Assignment Help:

Q. Explain  data aggregation and discuss different design constraints.

Sol. Aggregation   One limitation of the E-R model is that it cannot express relationships among relationships. To illustrate the need for such a construct consider the ternary relationships works on which we will see between a employee, branch and job (see figure). Now, suppose we want to record managers for tasks performed by an employee at a branch that is we want to record managers for (employee branch job) combinations. Let us assume that there is an entity set manager. One alternative for representing these relationships is to create a quaternary relationship manages between employee, branch, job and manager (A quaternary relationships required a binary relationship between manager and employee would not permit us to represent which (branch, job) combinations of an employee are managed by which manager.) Using the basic E R modeling constructs we obtain the E R diagram of given figure.  It appears that the relationship sets works on and manages can be combined into one single relationship set. Nevertheless we should not combine them into a single relationship since some employee; branch job combinations may not have a manager.  There is redundant information in the resultant figure however since every employee; branch job combination it manages is also in works on. If the managers were a value rather than manager entity we could instead make manager a multivalued attribute of the relationship works on. But doing so makes it more difficult to find for example employee branch job triples for which a manager is responsible. Since the manager is manager entity this alternative is ruled out in any case.  The best way to model a situation such as the just described is to use aggregation. Aggregation is an abstraction through which relationship are treated as higher level entities. Thus for our example we regard the relationship set works on as a higher level entity set called works on. Such an entity set is treated in the same manager between works on and manager to represent who manages what tasks. Figure shows a notation for aggregation commonly used to represent the above situation. 

 

 


Related Discussions:- Data aggregation

Two approaches to store relations in distributed database, What are the two...

What are the two approaches to store relations in distributed database? a) Replication b) Fragmentation

Project, I have a small project that contains 3 deliverable s. I have done ...

I have a small project that contains 3 deliverable s. I have done the first one and I would like you to help me with second one

How can redundant associations be done, How can Redundant Associations be d...

How can Redundant Associations be done It can be done by asking questions: i)  Is there a specific arrangement of network which would optimize critical aspects of completed

How to insert data in your table from another table, How to Insert data in ...

How to Insert data in your table from another table? insert into e.g, To insert tuples from employee into N_emp created above, use following statement Insert into N_emp

Many-to-many relationship, Many-to-many : Entities in A and B are related w...

Many-to-many : Entities in A and B are related with any number of entities from each other. Example: Taught_by Relationship among course and faculty. One faculty member ca

Spanned and unspanned organisation, Spanned and unspanned organisation? ...

Spanned and unspanned organisation? Spanned and unspanned organization: If records are not permited to cross block boundaries then the organisation is called unspanned record

What are the causes of bucket overflow in a hash file, What are the causes ...

What are the causes of bucket overflow in a hash file organization? What can be done to reduce the occurrence of bucket overflow? When a record is inserted, the bucket to that

Give some encryption techniques, Give some encryption techniques? A)  D...

Give some encryption techniques? A)  DES  B) AES  C) Public key encryption

What is a shadow copy scheme, What is a shadow copy scheme? It is simpl...

What is a shadow copy scheme? It is simple, but efficient, scheme known as the shadow copy schemes. It is based on making copies of the database called shadow copies that singl

Explain the outer join, Define Outer join Outer join - If there are any...

Define Outer join Outer join - If there are any type of values in the one table that do not have corresponding value(s) in the other, in an equi-join which will not be selected

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd