Cytochemistry of protoplasm, Biology

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CYTOCHEMISTRY OF PROTOPLASM -

  • It is supper mixture or mixture of mixtures.
  • 34 elements present in it.
  • 13 elements are universal. e.g. C, H, O, N, P, K, S, Cl, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, I
  • O is maximum i.e. 62%
  • C, Mg, & K are balancing elements
  • In comparison to ECF Na concentration is more on outer & K is more in cell.
  • All elements are classified in 3 groups-

(i) Macro elements - C, H, O, N         95%

(ii) Micro elements - 4.24%, Ca is maximum, Fe is minimum

(iii) Trace elements - 0.76 %, B is maximum, Ni is minimum, These are must for activity of enzymes.

  • In protoplasm all elements are grouped in two parts -
  • Inorganic 81% (H O 80%, Mineral, gases 1%)
  • Organic  19% ( Protein 14%, Lipid 3%, Carbohydrate 1%, Enzyme, Vitamin, Hormones, Nucleic acid 1%)

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